Start with what you need now

عن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه قال: «حَمَلْتُ على فرس في سبيل الله، فأضاعه الذي كان عنده، فأردت أن أشتريه، وظننت أنه يبيعه بِرُخْصٍ، فسألت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ؟ فقال: لا تَشْتَرِهِ، ولا تعد في صدقتك؛ فإن أَعْطَاكَهُ بِدِرْهَمٍ؛ فإن العَائِدَ في هِبَتِهِ كالعَائِدِ في قَيْئِهِ».

‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) helped a man to fight in the cause of Allah by giving him a horse. However, the man did not look after the horse and did not care for it properly; he exhausted the horse until it grew weak and emaciated. So ‘Umar wanted to buy the horse back from the man, thinking that it would be cheap due to its miserable condition. As he was unsure about buying it back, he consulted the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) first to clear his doubts. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade him from buying it back, even for a meager price, as he had given the horse for Allah's sake. One should not follow up on donations or feel attached to them. The person who received the donation may feel obliged to sell it back to the donor for a low price. In this case, the donor will receive back part of his charity at no price. Also, when charity is given, it takes with it one's bad deeds, so one should not take them back and should not look back. Buying back one's charity is like retracting one's charity, despite the price paid.

تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، للبسام، حققه وعلق عليه وخرج أحاديثه وصنع فهارسه: محمد صبحي بن حسن حلاق، ط10، مكتبة الصحابة، الإمارات - مكتبة التابعين، القاهرة، 1426هـ. الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام، لإسماعيل الأنصاري، ط1، دار الفكر، دمشق، 1381هـ. عمدة الأحكام من كلام خير الأنام صلى الله عليه وسلم، لعبد الغني المقدسي، دراسة وتحقيق: محمود الأرناؤوط، مراجعة وتقديم: عبد القادر الأرناؤوط، ط2، دار الثقافة العربية، دمشق ، بيروت، مؤسسة قرطبة، 1408 هـ. صحيح البخاري، تحقيق: محمد زهير بن ناصر الناصر، ط1، دار طوق النجاة (مصورة عن السلطانية بإضافة ترقيم: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي)، 1422هـ. صحيح مسلم، تحقيق: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار إحياء التراث العربي، بيروت، 1423هـ.

عن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه : أنه خَطب يوم الجمعة فقال في خُطْبَته: ثم إنكم أيها الناس تأكلون شَجَرَتين ما أَرَاهُما إلا خَبِيثَتَيْن: البَصَل، والثُّوم. لقد رأيت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إذا وجَد ريحَهُمَا من الرَّجُل في المسجد أَمَرَ به، فأُخرج إلى البَقِيع، فمن أكَلَهُمَا فَلْيُمِتْهُمَا طَبْخًا.

‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) told those who were attending the Friday sermon that they “ate two offensive plants: onion and garlic”. Arabs use the word ''offensive” for objectionable and reprehensible words, actions, possessions, food, or people. This is established in a Hadīth that Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported from the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) who said: “Anyone who eats from this offensive tree let them not come close to our mosque.” [Muslim] “…onion and garlic”: Everything that has an offensive odor, such as radish, leeks, tobacco, and cigarettes are included here. Onions and garlic are mentioned in particular because they are eaten often. Leeks are stipulated in a Hadīth reported by Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) and narrated by Muslim. So if anyone smelled of onion or garlic in the mosque, they would be ordered to be taken out as far as Al-Baqī‘, because it offends not only people but also the angels, as was related in an authentic Hadīth. In Ibn Mājah, we read: ''At the time of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) if a foul odor was detected on a man, I would see him seized by the arm and taken out to Al-Baqī‘.” “So anyone who [wants to] eat them, let them eliminate [their odor] by cooking.” This is because cooking eliminated the odor and if the odor is eliminated, one may enter the mosque because the reason for the prohibition no longer exists. Cooking onion and garlic thoroughly is required if someone wishes to enter the mosque for prayer or any other purpose. If it is not time for prayer, one may eat them raw. The command to cook them is meant to prevent offending others.

نزهة المتقين، تأليف: جمعٌ من المشايخ، الناشر: مؤسسة الرسالة، الطبعة الأولى: 1397 هـ الطبعة الرابعة عشر 1407 هـ كنوز رياض الصالحين، تأليف: حمد بن ناصر بن العمار ، الناشر: دار كنوز أشبيليا، الطبعة الأولى: 1430 هـ بهجة الناظرين، تأليف: سليم بن عيد الهلالي، الناشر: دار ابن الجوزي ، سنة النشر: 1418 هـ- 1997م صحيح مسلم، تأليف: مسلم بن الحجاج النيسابوري، تحقيق: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي الناشر: دار إحياء التراث العربي – بيروت. رياض الصالحين، تأليف: محيي الدين يحيى بن شرف النووي ، تحقيق: د. ماهر بن ياسين الفحل ، الطبعة: الأولى، 1428 هـ إكمال المعلم بفوائد مسلم، تأليف: عياض بن موسى بن عياض، تحقيق: د/ يحيى بن اسماعيل، الناشر: دار الوفاء للطباعة والنشر والتوزيع* الطبعة: الأولى، 1419 هـ المنهاج شرح صحيح مسلم، تأليف: محيي الدين يحيى بن شرف النووي، الناشر: دار إحياء التراث العربي، الطبعة: الثانية 1392 هـ مرقاة المفاتيح شرح مشكاة المصابيح، تأليف: علي بن سلطان القاري، الناشر: دار الفكر، الطبعة: الأولى، 1422هـ مرعاة المفاتيح شرح مشكاة المصابيح، تأليف: عبيد الله بن محمد المباركفوري، الناشر: إدارة البحوث العلمية والدعوة والإفتاء، الطبعة: الثالثة - 1404 هـ شرح رياض الصالحين، تأليف: محمد بن صالح العثيمين، الناشر: دار الوطن للنشر، الطبعة: 1426 هـ.

عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: قَدِمَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَبْيٌ، فَإِذَا امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ السَّبْيِ قَدْ تَحْلُبُ ثَدْيَهَا تَسْقِي، إِذَا وَجَدَتْ صَبِيًّا فِي السَّبْيِ أَخَذَتْهُ، فَأَلْصَقَتْهُ بِبَطْنِهَا وَأَرْضَعَتْهُ، فَقَالَ لَنَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَتُرَوْنَ هَذِهِ طَارِحَةً وَلَدَهَا فِي النَّارِ؟» قُلْنَا: لاَ، وَهِيَ تَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَلَّا تَطْرَحَهُ، فَقَالَ: «لَلَّهُ أَرْحَمُ بِعِبَادِهِ مِنْ هَذِهِ بِوَلَدِهَا».

Some captives from the tribe of Hawāzin were brought to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). Among them was a woman searching for her child. Whenever she found a child, she would take him and breastfeed him due to the pain from milk accumulating in her breast. Eventually, she found her own son among the captives, so she took him, stuck him to her chest, and breastfed him. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then said to his Companions: Do you think this woman would throw her child into the fire? We said: No, she would never do this willingly. He said: Indeed, Allah is more merciful to His Muslim servants than this woman to her child.

• Allah's vast mercy towards His servants, and that He wants for them goodness, Paradise, and salvation from Hellfire.
• Benefiting from events and linking them to guidance and teaching.
• A believer should have good expectations of Allah and not despair, as long as he fears Allah and remains steadfast in his religion, for Allah Almighty is the Possessor of vast mercy.

صحيح البخاري (8/ 8) (5999). صحيح مسلم (4/ 2109) (2754). نزهة المتقين شرح رياض الصالحين، لمجموعة من الباحثين (1/ 380). تطريز رياض الصالحين، لفيصل آل مبارك (ص284).

عن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه : أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: «إن اللهَ يَرفعُ بهذا الكِتابِ أقْواماً ويَضَعُ به آخَرِينَ».

This Hadīth means that the Qur'an is taken up by some people, who consequently read it. Allah elevates by means of the Qur'an some people in the world and afterlife, and demotes by means of which others in both worlds. Those who are elevated are those who follow the Qur'an, believe in its news, observe its commands and prohibitions, and take as their model the ethics it promotes. Allah will raise their status in this world and in the Hereafter because the Qur'an is the fountainhead of knowledge. Allah, the Almighty, says: {Allah will raise those who have believed among you and those who were given knowledge, by degrees} [Sūrat al-Mujādalah: 11]. In the Hereafter, these people will be elevated in the gardens of bliss. On the other hand, the people whom Allah degrades by means of the Qur'an are those who read the Qur'an and even recite it well, but are arrogant toward it. They neither believe in its news nor implement its rulings. They are arrogant in theory and practice. For example, when they come across stories of the previous Prophets or others, or information about the Last Day, they suspect and do not believe in them. They might even end up denying the Qur'an, although they read it. These Allah will demote in both worlds.

1- بهجة الناظرين شرح رياض الصالحين؛ تأليف سليم الهلالي، دار ابن الجوزي. 2- رياض الصالحين من كلام سيد المرسلين؛ للإمام أبي زكريا النووي، تحقيق د. ماهر الفحل، دار ابن كثير-دمشق، الطبعة الأولى، 1428هـ. 3- شرح رياض الصالحين؛ للشيخ محمد بن صالح العثيمين، مدار الوطن، الرياض، 1426هـ. 4- صحيح مسلم؛ للإمام مسلم بن الحجاج، حققه ورقمه محمد فؤاد عبدالباقي، دار عالم الكتب، الرياض، الطبعة الأولى، 1417هـ. 5- نزهة المتقين شرح رياض الصالحين؛ تأليف د. مصطفى الخِن وغيره، مؤسسة الرسالة، بيروت، الطبعة الرابعة عشر، 1407هـ.

عن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه قال: سمعتُ هشامَ بن حَكِيم يَقْرَأ سورةَ الفُرقان في حياة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ، فاسْتَمَعْتُ لقراءته، فإذا هو يقْرَؤها على حروف كثيرةٍ لم يُقْرِئْنِيها رسولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كذلك، فكِدْتُ أُساوِرُه في الصلاة، فانتظرتُه حتى سَلَّم، ثم لَبَّبْتُه بِرِدائِه أو بِرِدائي، فقلتُ: مَنْ أقرأكَ هذه السورةَ؟ قال: أَقْرَأنيها رسولُ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ، قلتُ له: كذبتَ، فواللهِ إنَّ رسولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أَقْرأَني هذه السورةَ التي سمعتُك تَقْرَؤُها، فانطلقتُ أقودُه إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقلتُ: يا رسول الله، إنِّي سمعتُ هذا يقرَأ بسورة الفُرْقان على حروف لم تُقْرِئنيها، وأنت أقرأْتَنِي سورةَ الفُرقان، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : «أَرْسِلْه يا عمر، اقرأْ يا هشام» فقَرَأ عليه القراءةَ التي سمعتُه يقرؤها، قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : «هكذا أُنْزِلت» ثم قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : «اقرأْ يا عمر» فقرأتُ، فقال: «هكذا أُنْزِلَت» ثم قال: «إنَّ هذا القرآنَ أُنْزِل على سبعة أحْرُف، فاقرءوا ما تيسَّر منه».

It is reported that ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) heard Hishām ibn Hakīm (may Allah be pleased with him) recite Sūrat al-Furqān during the lifetime of the Prophet. His recitation differed from Umar's recitation in several words. ‘Umar had recited this Sūrah before the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) so he thought that Hishām was reciting it incorrectly. So he was about to leap upon Hishām and take him by the head in the prayer. However, he waited until Hishām finished his prayer. Then ‘Umar seized him by his clothes from around his neck and asked him who had taught him how to recite this Sūrah. Hishām said that it was the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) who had taught it to him. On that, ‘Umar belied him, swearing by Allah that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) taught him the same Sūrah in a way that was different from Hishām's recitation. Then ‘Umar dragged him to the Messenger of Allah, as he was a man with a fiery temperament regarding the matters that pertained to Allah, the Almighty. ‘Umar told the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) that he heard Hishām recite Sūrat al-Furqān in words which he did not hear from the Messenger of Allah, although he taught him how to recite it. Hence, the Prophet asked him to let go of Hishām and asked Hishām to recite Sūrat al-Furqān. When Hishām read it, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) confirmed that this Sūrah was revealed by Allah as Hishām recited it. Hishām was not mistaken as ‘Umar thought. Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) asked ‘Umar to recite the same Sūrah. When ‘Umar recited it, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) confirmed that this Sūrah was revealed by Allah as ‘Umar recited it, just as it was revealed in accordance with Hishām's recitation. Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, this Qur’an has been revealed in seven different ways, so recite it in the way that is easy for you." Thus, both ‘Umar and Hishām were correct in their recitation, for the Qur’an was revealed in more than one way of recitation. It was indeed revealed in seven different ways of recitation. Hishām's recitation did not include more verses than that of ‘Umar. The difference was only confined to the manner of recitation. For this reason, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) told each of them, having listened to their recitation, that the Sūrah had been revealed in that way. He explained that by saying: "Indeed, this Qur’an has been revealed in seven ways, so recite it in the way that is easy for you." This means: do not commit yourself to one way of recitation, for Allah, the Almighty, has given you more options and made it easy for the Muslims to recite the Qur’an in seven ways of recitation, out of His mercy and bounty. So praise and gratitude are due to Him. The scholars held different opinions on identifying the seven ways. It seems — and Allah knows best — that these ways refer to the aspects of the language of the Arabs. The Qur’an was revealed in accordance with those aspects for facilitation purposes at the beginning of Islam. The Arabs lived in different places and had different dialects. One tribe might have linguistic facets that other tribes did not have, yet with the advent of Islam they became united and harbored no more animosity toward each other. Thus, each became familiar with the language of the others. At this point, ‘Uthmān ibn ‘Affān (may Allah be pleased with him) gathered the people around one of the seven ways of recitation and burned the copies of the Qur’an that were written according to the other ways of recitation so that no difference would occur in this regard.

- صحيح البخاري، نشر: دار طوق النجاة (مصورة عن السلطانية بإضافة ترقيم محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي)، الطبعة: الأولى، 1422ه. - صحيح مسلم، تحقيق: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، نشر: دار إحياء التراث العربي – بيروت. - عمدة القاري شرح صحيح البخاري، لمحمود بن أحمد الحنفى بدر الدين العينى، الناشر: دار إحياء التراث العربي – بيروت. - إرشاد الساري لشرح صحيح البخاري، لأحمد بن محمد بن أبى بكر القسطلاني القتيبي المصري، الناشر: المطبعة الكبرى الأميرية، مصر، الطبعة: السابعة، 1323 هـ. - شرح كتاب التوحيد من صحيح البخاري، لعبد الله بن محمد الغنيمان، الناشر: مكتبة الدار، المدينة المنورة، الطبعة: الأولى، 1405 هـ. - فتاوى اللجنة الدائمة - المجموعة الأولى, اللجنة الدائمة للبحوث العلمية والإفتاء, جمع وترتيب: أحمد بن عبد الرزاق الدويش, الناشر: رئاسة إدارة البحوث العلمية والإفتاء - الإدارة العامة للطبع – الرياض. - شرح سنن أبي داود, عبد المحسن بن حمد بن عبد المحسن العباد البدر, مصدر الكتاب: دروس صوتية قام بتفريغها موقع الشبكة الإسلامية. - مجموع الفتاوى, تقي الدين أبو العباس أحمد بن عبد الحليم بن تيمية, المحقق: عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن قاسم, مجمع الملك فهد لطباعة المصحف الشريف، المدينة النبوية، المملكة العربية السعودية, عام النشر: 1416هـ/1995م.

عن عمر بن الخطاب أنه سمع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: «لأُخْرِجَنَّ اليهودَ والنصارى مِن جَزِيرة العرب حتى لا أدَعَ إلا مُسلما».

In this Hadīth, ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) tells about the Prophet's determination to expel the Jews and Christians from the Arabian Peninsula so that there would not be two religions in the Peninsula and to keep it ever redolent of monotheism, with no trace of polytheism. That is because living near the disbelievers and socializing with them entail great evils, including the possibility of imitating them, admiring their beliefs, or assuming their mannerisms by the naive and gullible Muslims. Muslims must be distinguished and independent in their own homeland, and they should not mix with followers of the other religions. Hence, the Jews, Christians, Magi, and other disbelievers must be driven out of the Arabian Peninsula, which is exclusively for the Muslims. The Arabs are the first nation to receive the message of Muhammad (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and their homeland is the place where revelation came down. Therefore, non-Muslims should never reside therein.

- صحيح مسلم، تحقيق: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار إحياء التراث العربي، بيروت، 1423 ه.ـ - بلوغ المرام من أدلة الأحكام، لابن حجر، دار القبس للنشر والتوزيع، الرياض - المملكة العربية السعودية الطبعة: الأولى، 1435 هـ - 2014 م. - تسهيل الإلمام بفقه الأحاديث من بلوغ المرام، تأليف: صالح بن فوزان بن عبد الله الفوزان، الطبعة: الأولى، 1427 هـ 2006 م. - منحة العلام في شرح بلوغ المرام، لعبد الله الفوزان، دار ابن الجوزي ط1 1428هـ. - فتح ذي الجلال والاكرام بشرح بلوغ المرام، للشيخ ابن عثيمين، المكتبة الإسلامية - الطبعة الأولى 1427. - توضِيحُ الأحكَامِ مِن بُلوُغ المَرَام، للبسام، مكتَبة الأسدي، مكّة المكرّمة.الطبعة: الخامِسَة، 1423 هـ - 2003 م. - مرقاة المفاتيح شرح مشكاة المصابيح للقاري، دار الفكر، بيروت، الطبعة: الأولى، 1422هـ. - سبل السلام للصنعاني، نشر: دار الحديث. - البدرُ التمام شرح بلوغ المرام، للمَغرِبي, ت: علي بن عبد الله الزبن, دار هجر, الطبعة: الأولى 1428 هـ. - عون المعبود شرح سنن أبي داود، للعظيم آبادي، دار الكتب العلمية، بيروت, الطبعة: الثانية، 1415 هـ. - كشف المشكل من حديث الصحيحين، لابن الجوزي, المحقق: علي حسين البواب, الناشر: دار الوطن - الرياض. - المفاتيح في شرح المصابيح، المؤلف: الحسين بن محمود مظهر الدين الزَّيْدَانيُّ الضَّريرُ الشِّيرازيُّ, ت: لجنة مختصة من المحققين بإشراف: نور الدين طالب, الناشر: دار النوادر، وهو من إصدارات إدارة الثقافة الإسلامية - وزارة الأوقاف الكويتية, الطبعة: الأولى، 1433 هـ. - فتاوى اللجنة الدائمة - المجموعة الأولى، اللجنة الدائمة للبحوث العلمية والإفتاء، جمع وترتيب: أحمد بن عبد الرزاق الدويش.

عن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «إِذَا قَالَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ، فَقَالَ أَحَدُكُمُ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، قَالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ، قَالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، قَالَ: لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ، قَالَ: لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ، قَالَ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، قَالَ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ مِنْ قَلْبِهِ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ».

The Adhan is the call to announce that it is time for one of the obligatory prayers. The words of the Adhān comprise of the creed of faith. In this Hadīth, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) demonstrated what is prescribed upon hearing the Adhān, namely, the hearer of Adhān should say as the Muezzin says. When the Muezzin says, "Allahu akbar", he should say: "Allahu akbar", and likewise with all phrases except when the Muezzin says, "Hayy' ala as-salāh" and "Hayy 'ala al-falāh", upon which the hearer should say: "Lā hawla wala quwwata illa billāh". The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) pointed out that whoever repeats after the Muezzin sincerely from his heart will enter Paradise. The meanings of the phrases of the Adhān: "Allahu akbar": He, Exalted be He, is the most Majestic, the most Sublime, and greater than everything. "Ash'hadu an lā ilāh illa Allah": No one is truly worthy of worship except Allah. "Ash'hadu anna Muhammadan rasūl Allah": I acknowledge and testify with my tongue and heart that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah; Allah Almighty sent him, and it is obligatory to obey him. "Hayy ‘ala as-salāh": Come to prayer. The listener says "Lā hawla wala quwwata illa billāh" means: There is no way to avoid the things that prevent one from worship, no strength to perform it, and no ability to do anything except with the help of Allah Almighty. "Hayy ‘ala al-falāh": Come to the cause of success, namely the attainment of Paradise and salvation from Hellfire.

• It shows the merit of repeating after the Muezzin and saying as he says, with the exception of the two phrases "Hayy ‘ala as-salāh" and "Hayy ‘ala al-falāh", upon which he should say: "Lā hawla wala quwwata illa billāh".

صحيح مسلم (1/ 289) (385)، إكمال المعلم (2/253)، شرح النووي على مسلم (4/88)، البحر المحيط الثجاج في شرح صحيح الإمام مسلم بن الحجاج (9/ 116).

عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ اليَهُودِ قَالَ لَهُ: يَا أَمِيرَ المُؤْمِنِينَ، آيَةٌ فِي كِتَابِكُمْ تَقْرَؤُونَهَا، لَوْ عَلَيْنَا مَعْشَرَ اليَهُودِ نَزَلَتْ لاَتَّخَذْنَا ذَلِكَ اليَوْمَ عِيدًا، قَالَ: أَيُّ آيَةٍ؟ قَالَ: {اليَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الإِسْلاَمَ دِينًا} [المائدة: 3] قَالَ عُمَرُ: قَدْ عَرَفْنَا ذَلِكَ اليَوْمَ، وَالمَكَانَ الَّذِي نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ بِعَرَفَةَ يَوْمَ جُمُعَةٍ.

A man from among the Jews came to the Commander of the Believers, ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him), and said: There is a verse in your Book—the Qur’an—which you recite. If it had been revealed to us, the Jews, in our Book, the Torah, we would have taken that day as a festival, celebrating it in gratitude for the blessing of such a great verse. ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: Which verse is that? He said: {Today I have perfected your religion for you, completed My favor upon you, and have chosen Islam as your religion.} ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) replied: We know well the day and the place in which this noble verse was revealed. It was sent down on a day of celebration—on Friday—while the Prophet (ﷺ) was standing at ‘Arafah. Both are great days for the Muslims.

• This shows ‘Umar's great care and attention to both the place and the time where the verse was revealed.
• This verse highlights the immense favor that Allah Almighty has bestowed upon this Ummah, as He perfected their religion and completed His blessings upon them so that they are in no need of any addition in religion. Therefore, anything introduced into the religion after its completion—without evidence from it—is considered an innovation and a misguidance, as it was authentically reported from the Prophet (ﷺ) that he said: "Whoever introduces into this matter of ours that which is not part of it, it will be rejected."
• This Hadīth indicates that festivals are not to be established based on personal opinion or innovation, as was done by the People of the Book before us. Rather, they are determined by divine law and prophetic guidance. This verse, which declares the perfection of the religion and the completion of Allah's favor, was revealed on a day that Allah Himself ordained as a festival for this Ummah in two respects: First, it was revealed on Friday, which is the weekly festival for Muslims; and second, it coincided with the Day of ‘Arafah, which is the festival of the pilgrims, their greatest gathering, and their most significant occasion.
• As-Sa‘di said in his commentary on this verse: {Today I have perfected your religion for you} by completing the victory of Islam and perfecting both its outward and inward laws, its fundamentals and its branches. For this reason, the Qur’an and the Sunnah are entirely sufficient in addressing all matters of religion, both its principles and its subsidiary issues. Therefore, anyone who claims that people must rely on other sciences besides the Qur’an and Sunnah to understand their beliefs and rulings—such as speculative theology and the like—is ignorant and false in his claim. Such a person implies that the religion is incomplete without what he has introduced, and this is among the gravest forms of injustice and ignorance toward Allah and His Messenger. {Completed My favor upon you} both the outward and inward; {and have chosen Islam as your religion} i.e., I have chosen and selected it for you as your way of life, just as I have chosen you for it. So uphold it in gratitude to your Lord, and praise the One Who has blessed you with the noblest, most complete, and most perfect of religions.

صحيح البخاري (1/ 18) (45). إرشاد الساري لشرح صحيح البخاري (1/ 132). البحر المحيط الثجاج في شرح صحيح الإمام مسلم بن الحجاج (45/ 372).