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عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بنِ مَسْعُودٍ رضي الله عنه قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ».

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned that the first cases to be settled on the Day of Judgment, regarding the injustices committed among people, would be the cases of blood like homicide and the infliction of wounds.

• The significance of the cases of blood, for what is most important always comes first.
• The gravity of sins depends on the amount of harm they cause, and killing an innocent soul is one of the gravest kinds of harm and nothing is graver than this except disbelief in Allah Almighty and associating partners with Him.

صحيح البخاري (9/ 2) (6864). صحيح مسلم (3/ 1304) (1678). خلاصة الكلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، لفيصل آل مبارك (ص319). تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، للبسام (ص640). الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام، لإسماعيل الأنصاري (2/ 103).

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ وَهُوَ فِيهَا فَاجِرٌ لِيَقْتَطِعَ بِهَا مَالَ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ، لَقِيَ اللَّهَ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ». قَالَ: فَقَالَ الْأَشْعَثُ: فِيَّ وَاللَّهِ كَانَ ذَلِكَ؛ كَانَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ أَرْضٌ، فَجَحَدَنِي، فَقَدَّمْتُهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَلَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ؟» قُلْتُ: لَا. قَالَ: فَقَالَ لِلْيَهُودِيِّ: «احْلِفْ». قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِذَنْ يَحْلِفَ وَيَذْهَبَ بِمَالِي. فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا}. إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ.

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) warned against swearing an oath by Allah while knowing that one is lying in his oath in order to unjustly acquire someone else's property. Such a person will meet Allah while He is angry with him. Al-Ash‘ath ibn Qays (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said this when there was a dispute between him and a Jewish man over the ownership of a piece of land. They both brought their case to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him), who then said to Al-Ash‘ath: You must provide evidence to support your claim. If you are unable to do so, then you only have the oath of your opponent, the one being accused. Al-Ash‘ath said: O Messenger of Allah, then the Jewish man will take an oath without hesitation and take my money. So Allah Almighty revealed confirmation of this in the Qur’an, saying: {Those who trade} and exchange {the covenant of Allah} and His commandment for the believers to fulfill the trust and {their oaths} taken in His name while lying {for a small price} of the worldly gains {they will have no share in the Hereafter} and no portion, and {Allah will neither speak to them} with words that would bring them joy and benefit; rather, He will be angry with them {nor look at them on the Day of Resurrection} with a look of mercy and compassion {nor will He purify them} with beautiful praise, nor will He purify them with forgiveness for their sins and impurities {and for them there will be a painful punishment} and agonizing due to what they have committed.

• The prohibition of taking people's wealth wrongfully and deeming that lawful.
• The strict prohibition of Muslims' rights, whether in small or large matters.
• The proof is on the claimant, and the oath is on the defendant if he denies it.
• Two witnesses establish the right. If the claimant does not have evidence, the defendant must take an oath.
• The prohibition of the (Ghamūs) oath, which is the false oath taken to seize the right of another. It is one of the major sins that exposes its perpetrator to the wrath of Allah Almighty and His punishment.
• The admonition of the ruler to the litigants, especially when an oath is about to be taken.

صحيح البخاري (3/ 121) (2416). صحيح مسلم (1/ 123) (138). الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام، لإسماعيل الأنصاري (2/ 136). تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، للبسام (ص687). فتاوى اللجنة الدائمة - اللجنة الدائمة للبحوث العلمية والإفتاء (23/ 513).

عن عبد الله بن مسعودٍ رضي الله عنه مرفوعًا: (من حلف على يَمِينِ صَبْرٍ يَقْتَطِعُ بها مال امرئ مسلم، هو فيها فاجر، لقي الله وهو عليه غضبان)، ونزلت: (إن الذين يشترون بعهد الله وأيمانهم ثمنا قليلا) إلى آخر الآية".

This Hadīth issues a terrible threat to the one who takes someone else's wealth unlawfully by a false oath. Allah shall be angry with such a person when he meets Him. Divine wrath sends one to his doom. To confirm this threat, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) recited a related verse from the Qur’an.

- صحيح البخاري، محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري الجعفي، تحقيق: محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة (مصورة عن السلطانية بإضافة ترقيم: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي)، الطبعة: الأولى 1422هـ. - صحيح مسلم، مسلم بن الحجاج القشيري النيسابوري، تحقيق محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار إحياء التراث العربي، بيروت، الطبعة: 1423هـ. - الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام، إسماعيل بن محمد الأنصاري، دار الفكر، دمشق، الطبعة: الأولى 1381هـ. - تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، عبد الله بن عبد الرحمن البسام، تحقيق: محمد صبحي حلاق، مكتبة الصحابة، الأمارات، مكتبة التابعين، القاهرة، الطبعة: العاشرة 1426هـ. - تأسيس الأحكام، أحمد بن يحيى النجمي، دار المنهاج، القاهرة، الطبعة: الأولى 1427هـ.

عن عبد الله بن مسعود رضي الله عنه قال: كان نبي الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إذا أمسى قال: «أمسينا وأمسى الملك لله، والحمد لله، لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له» قال الراوي: أَرَاهُ قال فِيهِنَّ: «له الملك وله الحمد وهو على كل شيء قدير، ربِّ أسألك خير ما في هذه الليلة وخير ما بعدها، وأعوذ بك من شر ما في هذه الليلة وشر ما بعدها، رب أعوذ بك من الكسل، وسُوءِ الكِبَرِ، رب أعوذ بك من عذاب في النار، وعذاب في القبر»، وإذا أصبح قال ذلك أيضا «أصبحنا وأصبح الملك لله».

It was from the guidance of the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) to say these blessed supplications in the morning and evening. "The evening has reached and the dominion belongs to Allah"; that's the time of evening has entered and the dominion continues therein to be for Allah exclusively. "And praise be to Allah"; that is we realize that the dominion therein belongs to Allah and all praise is due to Allah alone. "There is no god but Allah"; that is divinity belongs exclusively to Him. "O Allah, I ask You for the good of this night"; that is the goodness of it, as well as the goodness that occurs in it, and the goodness that rests in it. "And I seek refuge with You from the evil of this night and the evil (therein)"; that is from the nights and what lies therein of evil concerning religion and worldly affairs. "O Allah, I seek refuge with You from laziness"; that is from sluggishness in obedience while having the ability. "Senility" means aging that leads to the loss and weakness of some abilities, which is reversal to the most decrepit old age, because the purpose of life, represented in knowledge and action, are missed in such a stage. "And woeful aging"; that is senility and feeble-mindedness, and it was narrated with a different pronunciation meaning vanity. The meaning intended by "woeful aging" is the loss of reason that aging results in, as well as confusion and disorder in judgment, and the incapability to perform acts of obedience and other such things that worsen the condition. "And the torment in the grave"; that is from its punishment or from whatever causes it. "In the morning, he used to say that as well"; that's what he said in the evening. However, he would replace "the evening" with "the morning" and "the night" with "the day" saying: "O Allah, I ask You for the good of this day."

صحيح مسلم، تحقيق: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار إحياء التراث العربي – بيروت. رياض الصالحين للنووي .تحقيق ماهر الفحل .ط الأولى 1428هـ، دار ابن كثير، دمشق - بيروت. تطريز رياض الصالحين، لفيصل آل مبارك، تحقيق: عبد اللعزيز آل حمد، دار العاصمة الرياض، ط: الاولى، 1423هـ. نزهة المتقين، لمجموعة من المؤلفين، مؤسسة الرسالة، ط: الرابعة عشر، 1407هـ. بهجة الناظرين، لسليم الهلالي، دار ابن الجوزي، السعودية، ط: الثالثة، 1418هـ. كنوز رياض الصالحين، لحمد ناصر العمار.دار كنوز إشبيليا، الرياض ط: 1430هـ. العلم الهيب في شرح الكلم الطيب، بدر الدين العيني، تحقيق خالد المصري، مكتبة الرشد، الرياض، الطبعة الثانية 1421هـ.

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بِن مَسْعُودٍ رضي الله عنه قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: أَيُّ العَمَلِ أَحَبُّ إِلَى اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: «الصَّلاَةُ عَلَى وَقْتِهَا»، قَالَ: ثُمَّ أَيٌّ؟ قَالَ: «ثُمَّ بِرُّ الوَالِدَيْنِ» قَالَ: ثُمَّ أَيٌّ؟ قَالَ: «الجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ» قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي بِهِنَّ، وَلَوِ اسْتَزَدْتُهُ لَزَادَنِي.

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was asked: Which deed is dearest to Allah? He said: Offering the obligatory prayer at its appointed time prescribed by the Legislator. Then, being dutiful to one's parents by being kind to them, fulfilling their rights, and refraining from being undutiful to them. Then, making Jihad in the cause of Allah with one's life and wealth to make Allah's word supreme, defend the religion of Islam and its people, and spread its rituals. Ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: He informed me of these deeds, and if I had said to him: Then, what comes next? he would have informed me of more.

• Deeds vary in their merit according to how dear they are to Allah.
• Urging Muslims to be keen on performing deeds according to their degree of superiority.
• The Prophet's replies concerning the best of deeds vary according to the various questioners, their conditions, and what is more beneficial to each of them.

صحيح البخاري (1/ 112) (527). صحيح مسلم (1/ 90) (85). الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام، لإسماعيل الأنصاري (1/ 70). تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، للبسام (ص84). تنبيه الأفهام شرح عمدة الأحكام، لابن عثيمين (1/ 108).

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بن مسعودٍ رضي الله عنه قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ مِنْ شِرَارِ النَّاسِ مَنْ تُدْرِكُهُ السَّاعَةُ وَهُمْ أَحْيَاءٌ، وَمَنْ يَتَّخِذُ الْقُبُورَ مَسَاجِدَ».

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informs about the most wicked people; they are those who will be alive and witness the advent of the Hour, as well as those who take the graves as places of worship and pray at or towards them.

• Prohibition of building mosques over the graves, for it is a means that leads to Shirk (polytheism).
• Prohibition of performing prayer at the graves, even if there is no building because "Masjid" (mosque) is a term that refers to the place where Sujūd (prostration) is made, even if there is no building.
• Whoever takes the graves of the righteous as places of worship is counted among the most wicked people, even if he claims that his intention is to draw closer to Allah Almighty.

مسند أحمد (6/ 394) (3844). الجديد في شرح كتاب التوحيد، لمحمد القرعاوي (ص191). الملخص في شرح كتاب التوحيد، لصالح الفوزان (ص176). أحكام الجنائز، للألباني (1/ 217).

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسعودٍ رضي الله عنه عن رَسولِ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: «الطِّيَرَةُ شِرْكٌ، الطِّيَرَةُ شِرْكٌ، الطِّيَرَةُ شِرْكٌ، -ثلاثًا-»، وَمَا مِنَّا إِلَّا، وَلَكِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يُذْهِبُهُ بِالتَّوَكُّلِ.

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) warned against Tiyarah, which is regarding something, audible or visible, as a bad omen whether it is from birds, animals, people with deformities, numbers, days, etc. He mentioned the "Tayr" (bird) in specific because it was commonly known during the pre-Islamic era of ignorance, as a bird would be urged to fly when someone intended to do something like travel, trade, or anything else. If the bird flew to the right, he would take this as a good omen and proceed with what he intended, whereas if the bird flew to the left, he would take this as a bad omen and refrain from doing what he intended. He informed us that it is Shirk. In fact, belief in bad omens is Shirk because none can bring goodness except Allah and none can ward off evil except Allah, alone with no partner. Ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) mentioned that a Muslim may feel in his heart something of this pessimism; however, he must dispel it with reliance on Allah along with utilizing the available means.

• Tiyarah is Shirk because it entails the heart's attachment to other than Allah.
• The importance of repeating significant issues to be memorized and to settle in the hearts.
• Tiyarah is dispelled by reliance on Allah Almighty.
• The command to rely on Allah alone and to have one's heart attached to Him.

سنن أبي داود (6/ 54) (3915). سنن ابن ماجه (4/ 560) (3538). سنن الترمذي (3/ 258) (1614). مسند أحمد (6/ 213) (3687). الجديد في شرح كتاب التوحيد، لمحمد القرعاوي (ص259). الملخص في شرح كتاب التوحيد، لصالح الفوزان (ص233).

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بنِ مَسْعُودٍ رضي الله عنه قال: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَلِمَةً وَقُلْتُ أُخْرَى، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم: «مَنْ مَاتَ وَهُوَ يَدْعُو مِنْ دُونِ اللهِ نِدًّا دَخَلَ النَّارَ» وَقُلْتُ أَنَا: مَنْ مَاتَ وَهُوَ لَا يَدْعُو لِلهِ نِدًّا دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ.

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informs us that whoever devotes anything that must be devoted exclusively to Allah to other than Him, like supplicating other than Allah or seeking relief with other than Him, and dies in this state will be from the dwellers of Hellfire. Ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) added that whoever dies while not associating anything with Allah will be eventually admitted to Paradise.

• Du‘ā’ (supplication) is an act of worship that must be exclusively devoted to Allah Almighty.
• The merit of Tawhīd and that whoever dies while upon Tawhīd will be admitted to Paradise, even if punished for some of his sins first.
• The danger of Shirk (polytheism) and that whoever dies upon Shirk will enter Hellfire.

صحيح البخاري (6/ 23) (4497). صحيح مسلم (1/ 94) (92). فتح المجيد شرح كتاب التوحيد، لعبد الرحمن التميمي (ص76). القول المفيد على كتاب التوحيد، لابن عثيمين (1/ 120). الملخص في شرح كتاب التوحيد، لصالح الفوزان (ص47). الجديد في شرح كتاب التوحيد، لمحمد القرعاوي (ص59). التمهيد لشرح كتاب التوحيد، لصالح آل الشيخ (ص42).