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عن عبد الله بن عباس رضي الله عنهما قال: قَدِم عُيَينَة بن حِصنٍ، فَنزَل على ابنِ أَخِيه الحُرِّ بن قَيسٍ، وكان من النَّفَر الذين يُدنِيهِم عمر رضي الله عنه ، وكان القُرَّاء أصحاب مَجلِس عُمر رضي الله عنه ومُشاوَرَتِه كُهُولا كانوا أو شُبَّانًا، فقال عيينة لابن أَخِيه: يَا ابن أخي، لك وَجْه عند هذا الأمير فَاسْتَأذِن لِي عليه، فَاسْتَأذَن فَأَذِن لَه عُمر، فَلَمَّا دَخَل قال: هي يا ابن الخطَّاب، فَوالله مَا تُعطِينَا الجَزْلَ ولا تَحكُمُ فِينَا بِالعَدلِ، فغضب عمر رضي الله عنه حَتَّى هَمَّ أَنْ يُوقِعَ بِه، فقال له الحُرُّ: يا أمير المؤمنين، إنَّ الله تعالى قال لِنَبِيِّه صلى الله عليه وسلم : {خذ العفو وأمر بالعرف وأعرض عن الجاهلين}، وإِنَّ هذا مِن الجَاهِلِين، والله مَا جَاوَزَها عُمر حِين تَلاَهَا، وكان وَقَّافًا عند كِتَاب الله تعالى .

The noble Companion ‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) informs us what happened to the Commander of the Believers ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) when ‘Uyaynah ibn Hisn, of high status among his people, came to see him in Madīnah. ‘Uyaynah began his speech in a disrespectful manner and then criticized and rebuked ‘Umar, saying: “You neither bestow much on us nor deal with us justly.” As a result, ‘Umar became so furious that he was about to beat him; however, some of the Qur’anic reciters, including ‘Uyaynah’s nephew, Al-Hurr ibn Qays, stood up and addressed the rightly guided caliph ‘Umar, saying: “O Commander of the Believers! Allah said to His Prophet: {Show forgiveness, enjoin what is good, and turn away from the ignorants} [Al-A‘rāf: 199]. This one is from the ignorants.” ‘Umar stood committed to that verse and suppressed his anger, as he always adhered strictly to the Book of Allah. So, he refrained from beating this man in compliance with the verse that was recited to him. This is how the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) used to show politeness and respect towards the Book of Allah. They would not violate its commands and teachings. Whenever it was said to them, “this is the word of Allah,” they would submit to it, no matter what.

بهجة الناظرين شرح رياض الصالحين، لسليم الهلالي، ط1، دار ابن الجوزي، الدمام، 1415هـ. تطريز رياض الصالحين، للشيخ فيصل المبارك، ط1، تحقيق: عبد العزيز بن عبد الله آل حمد، دار العاصمة، الرياض، 1423هـ. رياض الصالحين للنووي، ط1، تحقيق: ماهر ياسين الفحل، دار ابن كثير، دمشق، بيروت، 1428هـ. رياض الصالحين، ط4، تحقيق: عصام هادي، وزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الإسلامية القطرية، دار الريان، بيروت، 1428هـ. كنوز رياض الصالحين، مجموعة من الباحثين برئاسة حمد بن ناصر العمار، ط1، كنوز إشبيليا، الرياض، 1430هـ. شرح رياض الصالحين، للشيخ ابن عثيمين، دار الوطن للنشر، الرياض، 1426هـ. صحيح البخاري، تحقيق: محمد زهير بن ناصر الناصر، ط1، دار طوق النجاة (مصورة عن السلطانية بإضافة ترقيم: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي)، 1422هـ. نزهة المتقين شرح رياض الصالحين لمجموعة من الباحثين، ط14، مؤسسة الرسالة، 1407هـ. تاج العروس من جواهر القاموس، لمحمّد بن محمّد بن عبد الرزّاق الحسيني، الملقّب بمرتضى، الزَّبيدي، تحقيق مجموعة من المحققين، دار الهداية. الدلائل في غريب الحديث، لقاسم بن ثابت بن حزم العوفي السرقسطي، تحقيق: د. محمد بن عبد الله القناص، الناشر: مكتبة العبيكان، الرياض، الطبعة: الأولى، 1422هـ - 2001م.

عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رضي الله عنه عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «سَتَكُونُ أَثَرَةٌ وَأُمُورٌ تُنْكِرُونَهَا» قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا؟ قَالَ: «تُؤَدُّونَ الحَقَّ الَّذِي عَلَيْكُمْ، وَتَسْأَلُونَ اللَّهَ الَّذِي لَكُمْ».

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informed us that there will be rulers assigned to be in charge of Muslims and they will monopolize the Muslims' wealth and spend it as they wish, depriving the Muslims of their rights thereof. These rulers will also do things, related to the religion, that are disapproved by the Shariah. The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) asked about what they should do in such a case. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) told them not to let these rulers' monopoly of wealth prevent them from fulfilling their duty towards them, including listening and obeying. Rather, they should have patience, listen and obey them without disputing their authority. Moreover, they should ask Allah for their rights and ask Him to guide these rulers and ward off their evil and oppression.

• This Hadīth is one of the proofs of Muhammad's prophethood, as he foretold what would happen in his Ummah and it happened just as he said.
• It is permissible to inform a person of an affliction that will likely befall him so as to be prepared, show patience, and seek Allah's reward when it actually occurs.
• Holding onto the Qur’an and Sunnah ensures safety from trials and dissension.
• The Hadīth urges Muslims to listen and obey their rulers in what is good and not to rebel against them even if they commit oppression.
• Adopting wisdom and following the Sunnah during the times of trials.
• One must fulfill his duties even if he is wronged in one way or another.
• The Hadīth proves the rule that states: We should opt for the lesser of the two evils or the lesser of the two harms.

صحيح البخاري (4/ 199) (3603). صحيح مسلم (3/ 1472) (1843). بهجة الناظرين شرح رياض الصالحين، لسليم الهلالي (1/ 720). تطريز رياض الصالحين، لفيصل آل مبارك (ص52). كنوز رياض الصالحين، لمجموعة من الباحثين (9/ 402). شرح رياض الصالحين، لابن عثيمين (1/ 280). نزهة المتقين شرح رياض الصالحين، لمجموعة من الباحثين (1/ 554).

عن عبد الله بن عبَّاس رضي الله عنهما قال: «أُمِرَ الناس أن يكون آخر عَهْدِهِمْ بالبيت، إلا أنه خُفِّفَ عن المرأة الحائض».

The Ka‘bah is a revered noble House; it is a symbol of worshiping Allah and humbly submitting before Him. It has special awe, sublimity, attachment, and love in the hearts. That is why the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) commanded pilgrims to make Tawāf around the Ka‘bah the last ritual they perform before they leave Makkah. This is called the Farewell Tawāf. The menstruating woman, however, is exempted from this rite, since she might soil the mosque when she enters it. She is not required to offer expiation (slaughter a sacrificial animal) for that. This text refers only to Hajj, so it does not apply to ‘Umrah.

تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، عبد الله بن عبد الرحمن البسام، تحقيق: محمد صبحي حلاق، مكتبة الصحابة، الأمارات، مكتبة التابعين، القاهرة، الطبعة: العاشرة 1426هـ. تنبيه الأفهام شرح عمدة الأحكام، محمد بن صالح العثيمين، مكتبة الصحابة، الإمارات، الطبعة: الأولى 1426هـ. الإفهام في شرح عمدة الأحكام لابن باز، تحقيق: سعيد القحطاني، مؤسسة عبد العزيز بن باز الخيرية، الرياض، الطبعة: الأولى 1435هـ. خلاصة الكلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، فيصل بن عبد العزيز المبارك، الطبعة: الثانية 1412هـ، 1992م. صحيح البخاري، محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري الجعفي، تحقيق: محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة (مصورة عن السلطانية بإضافة ترقيم: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي)، الطبعة: الأولى 1422هـ. صحيح مسلم، مسلم بن الحجاج القشيري النيسابوري، تحقيق محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار إحياء التراث العربي، بيروت، الطبعة: 1423هـ. تأسيس الأحكام، أحمد بن يحيى النجمي، دار المنهاج، القاهرة، الطبعة: الأولى.

عَنْ صُهَيْبٍ رَضيَ اللهُ عنه أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: "كَانَ مَلِكٌ فِيمَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ، وَكَانَ لَهُ سَاحِرٌ، فَلَمَّا كَبِرَ، قَالَ لِلْمَلِكِ: إِنِّي قَدْ كَبِرْتُ، فَابْعَثْ إِلَيَّ غُلَامًا أُعَلِّمْهُ السِّحْرَ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ غُلَامًا يُعَلِّمُهُ، فَكَانَ فِي طَرِيقِهِ إِذَا سَلَكَ رَاهِبٌ فَقَعَدَ إِلَيْهِ وَسَمِعَ كَلَامَهُ، فَأَعْجَبَهُ، فَكَانَ إِذَا أَتَى السَّاحِرَ مَرَّ بِالرَّاهِبِ وَقَعَدَ إِلَيْهِ، فَإِذَا أَتَى السَّاحِرَ ضَرَبَهُ، فَشَكَا ذَلِكَ إِلَى الرَّاهِبِ، فَقَالَ: إِذَا خَشِيتَ السَّاحِرَ، فَقُلْ: حَبَسَنِي أَهْلِي، وَإِذَا خَشِيتَ أَهْلَكَ فَقُلْ: حَبَسَنِي السَّاحِرُ، فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ أَتَى عَلَى دَابَّةٍ عَظِيمَةٍ قَدْ حَبَسَتِ النَّاسَ، فَقَالَ: الْيَوْمَ أَعْلَمُ آلسَّاحِرُ أَفْضَلُ أَمِ الرَّاهِبُ أَفْضَلُ؟ فَأَخَذَ حَجَرًا، فَقَالَ: اللهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ أَمْرُ الرَّاهِبِ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ أَمْرِ السَّاحِرِ فَاقْتُلْ هَذِهِ الدَّابَّةَ، حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ النَّاسُ، فَرَمَاهَا فَقَتَلَهَا، وَمَضَى النَّاسُ، فَأَتَى الرَّاهِبَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّاهِبُ: أَيْ بُنَيَّ أَنْتَ الْيَوْمَ أَفْضَلُ مِنِّي، قَدْ بَلَغَ مِنْ أَمْرِكَ مَا أَرَى، وَإِنَّكَ سَتُبْتَلَى، فَإِنِ ابْتُلِيتَ فَلَا تَدُلَّ عَلَيَّ، وَكَانَ الْغُلَامُ يُبْرِئُ الْأَكْمَهَ وَالْأَبْرَصَ، وَيُدَاوِي النَّاسَ مِنْ سَائِرِ الْأَدْوَاءِ، فَسَمِعَ جَلِيسٌ لِلْمَلِكِ كَانَ قَدْ عَمِيَ، فَأَتَاهُ بِهَدَايَا كَثِيرَةٍ، فَقَالَ: مَا هَاهُنَا لَكَ أَجْمَعُ، إِنْ أَنْتَ شَفَيْتَنِي، فَقَالَ: إِنِّي لَا أَشْفِي أَحَدًا إِنَّمَا يَشْفِي اللهُ، فَإِنْ أَنْتَ آمَنْتَ بِاللهِ دَعَوْتُ اللهَ فَشَفَاكَ، فَآمَنَ بِاللهِ فَشَفَاهُ اللهُ، فَأَتَى الْمَلِكَ فَجَلَسَ إِلَيْهِ كَمَا كَانَ يَجْلِسُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ: مَنْ رَدَّ عَلَيْكَ بَصَرَكَ؟ قَالَ: رَبِّي، قَالَ: وَلَكَ رَبٌّ غَيْرِي؟ قَالَ: رَبِّي وَرَبُّكَ اللهُ، فَأَخَذَهُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُعَذِّبُهُ حَتَّى دَلَّ عَلَى الْغُلَامِ، فَجِيءَ بِالْغُلَامِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ: أَيْ بُنَيَّ قَدْ بَلَغَ مِنْ سِحْرِكَ مَا تُبْرِئُ الْأَكْمَهَ وَالْأَبْرَصَ، وَتَفْعَلُ وَتَفْعَلُ، فَقَالَ: إِنِّي لَا أَشْفِي أَحَدًا، إِنَّمَا يَشْفِي اللهُ، فَأَخَذَهُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُعَذِّبُهُ حَتَّى دَلَّ عَلَى الرَّاهِبِ، فَجِيءَ بِالرَّاهِبِ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: ارْجِعْ عَنْ دِينِكَ، فَأَبَى، فَدَعَا بِالْمِئْشَارِ، فَوَضَعَ الْمِئْشَارَ فِي مَفْرِقِ رَأْسِهِ، فَشَقَّهُ حَتَّى وَقَعَ شِقَّاهُ، ثُمَّ جِيءَ بِجَلِيسِ الْمَلِكِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ: ارْجِعْ عَنْ دِينِكَ، فَأَبَى فَوَضَعَ الْمِئْشَارَ فِي مَفْرِقِ رَأْسِهِ، فَشَقَّهُ بِهِ حَتَّى وَقَعَ شِقَّاهُ، ثُمَّ جِيءَ بِالْغُلَامِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ ارْجِعْ عَنْ دِينِكَ، فَأَبَى فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَى نَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ، فَقَالَ: اذْهَبُوا بِهِ إِلَى جَبَلِ كَذَا وَكَذَا، فَاصْعَدُوا بِهِ الْجَبَلَ، فَإِذَا بَلَغْتُمْ ذُرْوَتَهُ، فَإِنْ رَجَعَ عَنْ دِينِهِ، وَإِلَّا فَاطْرَحُوهُ، فَذَهَبُوا بِهِ فَصَعِدُوا بِهِ الْجَبَلَ، فَقَالَ: اللهُمَّ اكْفِنِيهِمْ بِمَا شِئْتَ، فَرَجَفَ بِهِمِ الْجَبَلُ فَسَقَطُوا، وَجَاءَ يَمْشِي إِلَى الْمَلِكِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ: مَا فَعَلَ أَصْحَابُكَ؟ قَالَ: كَفَانِيهِمُ اللهُ، فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَى نَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ، فَقَالَ: اذْهَبُوا بِهِ فَاحْمِلُوهُ فِي قُرْقُورٍ، فَتَوَسَّطُوا بِهِ الْبَحْرَ، فَإِنْ رَجَعَ عَنْ دِينِهِ وَإِلَّا فَاقْذِفُوهُ، فَذَهَبُوا بِهِ، فَقَالَ: اللهُمَّ اكْفِنِيهِمْ بِمَا شِئْتَ، فَانْكَفَأَتْ بِهِمِ السَّفِينَةُ فَغَرِقُوا، وَجَاءَ يَمْشِي إِلَى الْمَلِكِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ: مَا فَعَلَ أَصْحَابُكَ؟ قَالَ: كَفَانِيهِمُ اللهُ، فَقَالَ لِلْمَلِكِ: إِنَّكَ لَسْتَ بِقَاتِلِي حَتَّى تَفْعَلَ مَا آمُرُكَ بِهِ، قَالَ: وَمَا هُوَ؟ قَالَ: تَجْمَعُ النَّاسَ فِي صَعِيدٍ وَاحِدٍ، وَتَصْلُبُنِي عَلَى جِذْعٍ، ثُمَّ خُذْ سَهْمًا مِنْ كِنَانَتِي، ثُمَّ ضَعِ السَّهْمَ فِي كَبِدِ الْقَوْسِ، ثُمَّ قُلْ: بِاسْمِ اللهِ رَبِّ الْغُلَامِ، ثُمَّ ارْمِنِي، فَإِنَّكَ إِذَا فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ قَتَلْتَنِي، فَجَمَعَ النَّاسَ فِي صَعِيدٍ وَاحِدٍ، وَصَلَبَهُ عَلَى جِذْعٍ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ سَهْمًا مِنْ كِنَانَتِهِ، ثُمَّ وَضَعَ السَّهْمَ فِي كَبْدِ الْقَوْسِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: بِاسْمِ اللهِ، رَبِّ الْغُلَامِ، ثُمَّ رَمَاهُ فَوَقَعَ السَّهْمُ فِي صُدْغِهِ، فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ فِي صُدْغِهِ فِي مَوْضِعِ السَّهْمِ فَمَاتَ، فَقَالَ النَّاسُ: آمَنَّا بِرَبِّ الْغُلَامِ، آمَنَّا بِرَبِّ الْغُلَامِ، آمَنَّا بِرَبِّ الْغُلَامِ، فَأُتِيَ الْمَلِكُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ: أَرَأَيْتَ مَا كُنْتَ تَحْذَرُ؟ قَدْ وَاللهِ نَزَلَ بِكَ حَذَرُكَ، قَدْ آمَنَ النَّاسُ، فَأَمَرَ بِالْأُخْدُودِ فِي أَفْوَاهِ السِّكَكِ، فَخُدَّتْ وَأَضْرَمَ النِّيرَانَ، وَقَالَ: مَنْ لَمْ يَرْجِعْ عَنْ دِينِهِ فَأَحْمُوهُ فِيهَا، أَوْ قِيلَ لَهُ: اقْتَحِمْ، فَفَعَلُوا حَتَّى جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ وَمَعَهَا صَبِيٌّ لَهَا فَتَقَاعَسَتْ أَنْ تَقَعَ فِيهَا، فَقَالَ لَهَا الْغُلَامُ: يَا أُمَّهْ اصْبِرِي فَإِنَّكِ عَلَى الْحَقِّ".

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informed that there was once a king among the nations before us, and he had a magician. When the magician grew old, he said to the king: I have become old, so send me a young man whom I can teach magic. So, the king sent him a young man, who, on his way to the magician, met a monk. He sat with him once, listened to his words and admired him. Whenever he went to the magician, he used to sit with the monk, then on reaching the magician, the latter would beat him for being late. So, the boy complained this to the monk, who said to him: Whenever you are afraid of the magician, tell him that your family detained you. And whenever you are afraid of your family, tell them that the magician detained you. So the boy carried on like that (for some time). Then a huge, terrible beast once appeared on the road, and the people were unable to pass. The boy said: Today I shall know whether the magician is better or the monk. So, he took a stone and said: O Allah, if the affair of the monk is better in Your Sight than that of the magician, then kill this beast so that the people can cross (the road). Then he struck it with a stone and killed it, and the people passed the road. The boy came to the monk and informed him about it. The monk said to him: O my son, today you are better than me, and you have achieved what I see! You will be put on trial. And in case you are put to trial, do not inform (them) about me. The boy used to treat the people who suffered from congenital blindness, leprosy, and other diseases with the permission of Allah. There was a courtier of the king who had become blind. He came and brought many gifts to the boy and said: All these gifts are for you on the condition that you cure me. He said: I do not cure anybody; it is only Allah who cures people. So, if you believe in Allah, I shall supplicate Allah, and He will cure you. So, he believed in Allah, and Allah cured him. Later, the courtier came to the king and sat in the place where he used to sit before. The king said: Who gave you back your sight? He said: My Lord. He said: Do you have another Lord besides me?! He said: My Lord and your Lord is Allah. The king took him and kept on torturing him until he told him about the boy. So, the boy was brought to the king, who said to him: O boy, your magic reached the extent that you cure congenital blindness, leprosy, and other diseases. He said: Indeed, I do not cure anyone. Only Allah can cure. So, he tortured him extensively until he told him about the monk. Then the monk was brought to the king, who said to him: Renounce your religion. The monk refused. So, the king ordered a saw to be brought and placed on the middle of his head, and he fell, sawn in two halves. Then the courtier of the king was brought, and it was said to him: Renounce your religion. He refused to do so, and so a saw was brought and placed on the middle of his head, and he fell, sawn in two halves. Then the boy was brought, and it was said to him: Renounce your religion. He refused, and so the king sent him to some of his followers, between three and ten in number. He said to them: Ascend the mountain with him till you reach its top, then see if he abandons his religion; otherwise, throw him from the top. They took him and ascended the mountain. The boy said: O Allah, save me from them by any means You wish. So, the mountain shook and quaked violently, and they all fell down, and the boy came back walking to the king. The king said: What did your companions do? He said: Allah saved me from them. So he handed him over to another group of his men and said: Take him away, load him onto a small boat until you reach the middle of the sea. If he renounces his faith, then good. Otherwise, throw him into the sea. So they took him away. He said: O Allah, save me from them by any means You wish. Suddenly, their boat capsized, drowning them all, and he walked back to the king. The king said to him: What did your companions do? The boy replied: Allah saved me from them. Then he said to the king: You will not be able to kill me until you do as I order you. He said: And what is that? The boy said: Gather the people in an open space. Crucify me on a tree trunk. Then take an arrow from my quiver, place it in the bow’s grip, and say: In the Name of Allah, Lord of the boy. Then shoot me—for if you do so, you will kill me. So he assembled the people in one place, crucified him on a trunk, took an arrow from his quiver, placed it in the bow’s center, and said: In the Name of Allah, Lord of the boy. Then he shot him—the arrow struck his temple between his eye and ear. The boy placed his hand on the wound and died. The people said: We believe in the Lord of the boy, we believe in the Lord of the boy, we believe in the Lord of the boy. Then it was said to the king: Do you see what you feared? By Allah, what you feared has indeed come to pass. The people followed the boy and all believed in his Lord. So the king ordered great, elongated trenches to be dug at the crossroads, lit with raging fires, and commanded: Whoever does not renounce his religion—throw him in it. They carried out his orders until a woman came with her child. She hesitated, frozen in place, reluctant to enter the fire. Then her child said to her: O mother, be patient! For indeed, you are upon the truth.

• Affirmation of the miracles of the pious—among them: the slaying of the great beast by the boy’s arrow, the answering of the boy’s supplication twice, and the speech of the infant child.
• Those who rely upon Allah Almighty are granted victory.
• Clarifying the honor of patience and steadfastness in the religion.
• The wisdom behind seeking knowledge early in life is that youth generally retain and memorize faster than adults.
• The strength of this boy’s faith, that he never wavered or faltered in his belief.
• Allah Almighty responds to the distressed when he calls out to Him.
• It is permissible for a person to endanger himself for the greater good of the Muslims. This boy directed the king to the method that would kill him and cause his own destruction—by taking an arrow from his quiver, placing it at the center of the bow, and saying: In the Name of Allah, Lord of the boy.
• The permissibility of lying in war and similar situations, and saving oneself from destruction.
• The believer is tested in the sincerity of his faith and steadfastness in speaking the truth, even if it leads to his death.
• Sacrifice in the path of calling to Allah and manifesting the truth.
• The hearts of the servants are in Allah's Hand—He guides whom He wills and leads astray whom He wills. For indeed, the boy was guided while in the care of the magician and under the watch of the doomed king.
• It is permissible to ask Allah Almighty to show a sign by which one may recognize the truth and attain certainty.
• The people of faith utilize everything Allah has bestowed upon them and favored them with to serve His religion and call others to His path.
• The means of destruction are in Allah's Hand; if He wills, He executes them, and if He wills, He prevents them.
• The disbelievers are not lacking in proofs and evidence to believe; rather, the cause of their disbelief is stubbornness and arrogance.
• Tyrants and oppressors are willing to kill all people to preserve their worldly luxuries and power.
• Allah punishes the wrongdoers from where they least expect. For indeed, the people came to believe in the Lord of the boy when they witnessed his steadfastness, the truth of his call, and his fearless devotion to Allah and heedlessness of any blame.
• There are others besides Jesus (peace be upon him) who spoke in infancy. This Hadīth explains the Prophet's statement: "None spoke in the cradle except three..." naming them and restricting this miracle to the Children of Israel exclusively.

صحيح مسلم (4/ 2299) (3005). بهجة الناظرين شرح رياض الصالحين، لسليم الهلالي (1/ 86). تطريز رياض الصالحين، لفيصل آل مبارك (ص39). كنوز رياض الصالحين، لمجموعة من الباحثين (1/ 412). شرح رياض الصالحين، لابن عثيمين (1/ 210). نزهة المتقين شرح رياض الصالحين، لمجموعة من الباحثين (1/ 62).

عن أبي ذر رضي الله عنه قال: قال لي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم «يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ، إِنِّي أَرَاكَ ضَعِيفًا، وَإِنِّي أُحِبُّ لَكَ مَا أُحِبُّ لِنَفْسِي، لاَ تَأَمَّرَنَّ عَلَى اثْنَينِ، وَلاَ تَوَلَّيَنَّ مَالَ يَتِيمٍ».

Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) informed that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) had said to him: “I see that you are weak and I love for you what I love for myself. Do not rule over two persons and do not manage an orphan's property." These are four sentences the Prophet addressed Abu Dharr with: 1. “I see that you are weak.” This description, which accords with the reality, is given as advice. And there is no harm if a person tells someone else that he has such and such trait, as an advice, not as an insult or exposing one’s faults; as the Prophet himself said: “I see that you are weak.” 2. “I love for you what I love for myself.” This is part of the Prophet’s noble character. When the first sentence contained some criticism, he made this statement, which means: I only told you this because I love for you what I love for myself. 3. “Do not rule over two persons.” In other words, do not be the leader of two persons, rather than more than two. The meaning here is that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade him from being a leader, because he was weak, and leadership requires a strong and trustworthy person. A strong person would exercise authority and have a firm say; and when he says something, he fulfills it. He should not be weak before people, for when people see someone weak, they will show him no respect or regard, and the fools will treat him boldly. However, if a leader is strong and does not exceed the limits set by Allah, the Almighty, or neglect his authority in which Allah has put him, then he is a true leader. 4. “Do not manage an orphan’s property.” An orphan is one whose father had died before reaching puberty. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade him from managing the wealth of orphans, for it needs care and protection, whereas Abu Dharr was weak and would not be able to take proper care of such property. That is why the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Do not manage an orphan’s property.” That is, do not be responsible for it; leave it to someone else. This is not degradation of Abu Dharr, for he was a man who used to enjoin the good and forbid the evil, and led an austere and ascetic life. However, he was weak in a particular area, namely guardianship and leadership.

بهجة الناظرين شرح رياض الصالحين لسليم الهلالي، ط1، دار ابن الجوزي، الدمام، 1415هـ. رياض الصالحين للنووي، ط1، تحقيق: ماهر ياسين الفحل، دار ابن كثير، دمشق، بيروت، 1428هـ. رياض الصالحين، ط4، تحقيق: عصام هادي، وزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الإسلامية القطرية، دار الريان، بيروت، 1428هـ. كنوز رياض الصالحين، مجموعة من الباحثين برئاسة حمد بن ناصر العمار، ط1، كنوز إشبيليا، الرياض، 1430هـ. شرح رياض الصالحين للشيخ ابن عثيمين، دار الوطن للنشر، الرياض، 1426هـ. صحيح مسلم، تحقيق: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار إحياء التراث العربي، بيروت. نزهة المتقين شرح رياض الصالحين، لمجموعة من الباحثين، ط14، مؤسسة الرسالة، 1407هـ.

عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَثَلُ القَائِمِ عَلَى حُدُودِ اللَّهِ وَالوَاقِعِ فِيهَا، كَمَثَلِ قَوْمٍ اسْتَهَمُوا عَلَى سَفِينَةٍ، فَأَصَابَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَعْلاَهَا وَبَعْضُهُمْ أَسْفَلَهَا، فَكَانَ الَّذِينَ فِي أَسْفَلِهَا إِذَا اسْتَقَوْا مِنَ المَاءِ مَرُّوا عَلَى مَنْ فَوْقَهُمْ، فَقَالُوا: لَوْ أَنَّا خَرَقْنَا فِي نَصِيبِنَا خَرْقًا وَلَمْ نُؤْذِ مَنْ فَوْقَنَا، فَإِنْ يَتْرُكُوهُمْ وَمَا أَرَادُوا هَلَكُوا جَمِيعًا، وَإِنْ أَخَذُوا عَلَى أَيْدِيهِمْ نَجَوْا، وَنَجَوْا جَمِيعًا».

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) stated that the example of those who comply with the limits set by Allah, adhere to the commands of Allah, enjoin what is good, and forbid what is evil; and the example of those who transgress the limits set by Allah, refrain from what is good and commit what is evil, and the effect of this on the salvation of the society, is like the example of a people who boarded a ship and drew lots to decide who would sit in the upper part of the ship and who would sit in its lower part. Some of them got the upper part, while others got its lower part. Whenever those in the lower part wanted to bring water, they had to pass by those above them. So, those in the lower part said: If we could only make a hole in our place in the lower part to bring water therefrom without bothering those above us. If those in the upper part let them do that, the ship would sink with all of them. However, if they forbade and prevented them from doing this, both groups would be saved.

• The importance of enjoining what is good and forbidding what is evil in protecting and saving societies.
• Giving examples is one of the teaching methods that convey meanings in a tangible form.
• Committing what is clearly wrong and having none to forbid is a cause of corruption that brings harm to all people.
• The destruction of society results from leaving the evildoers to spread mischief on earth.
• A wrong action and a good intention are not sufficient for deeming a deed righteous.
• Responsibility in the Muslim community is communal and is not entrusted to a certain individual.
• All are punished for the sins committed by some if they are not forbidden.
• The evildoers present their evil to society in a good form just like the hypocrites.

صحيح البخاري (3/ 139) (2493). بهجة الناظرين شرح رياض الصالحين، لسليم الهلالي (1/ 277). تطريز رياض الصالحين، لفيصل آل مبارك (ص149). شرح رياض الصالحين، لابن عثيمين (2/ 430). كنوز رياض الصالحين، مجموعة من الباحثين (4/ 39). نزهة المتقين شرح رياض الصالحين، مجموعة من الباحثين (1/ 210).

عن علي بن أبي طالب رضي الله عنه قال: "حدثوا الناس بما يعرفون، أتريدون أن يُكذَّب اللهُ ورسولهُ؟".

The Commander of the Believers ‘Ali ibn Abi Tālib (may Allah be pleased with him) gives us advice, saying that one should not talk to common people except about what is well-known and benefits them regarding the fundamentals of their religion and the rulings related to it of monotheism, and clarification of the lawful and the unlawful. What is otherwise should not be spoken about with them in order not to distract them, especially things for which there is no need, or which may lead to rejecting the truth because they are confusing to them and too difficult for them to comprehend.

كتاب التوحيد للإمام محمد بن عبد الوهاب، ت: د. دغش العجمي، مكتبة أهل الأثر, الطبعة الخامسة, 1435ه. الجديد في شرح كتاب التوحيد، لمحمد بن عبد العزيز السليمان القرعاوي, ت: محمد بن أحمد سيد, مكتبة السوادي، الطبعة: الخامسة، 1424ه. الملخص في شرح كتاب التوحيد، للشيخ صالح الفوزان, دار العاصمة, الطبعة الأولى، 1422ه. صحيح البخاري, ترقيم محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي, دار طوق النجاة, الطبعة: الأولى، 1422هـ.

عن سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: لَمَّا حَضَرَتْ أَبَا طَالِبٍ الْوَفَاةُ، جَاءَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَوَجَدَ عِنْدَهُ أَبَا جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، فَقَالَ: «أَيْ عَمِّ، قُلْ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، كَلِمَةً أُحَاجُّ لَكَ بِهَا عِنْدَ اللهِ»، فَقَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ: أَتَرْغَبُ عَنْ مِلَّةِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَعْرِضُهَا عَلَيْهِ، وَيُعِيدَانِهِ بِتِلْكَ الْمَقَالَةِ، حَتَّى قَالَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ آخِرَ مَا كَلَّمَهُمْ: عَلَى مِلَّةِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، وَأَبَى أَنْ يَقُولَ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم: «وَاللهِ لَأَسْتَغْفِرَنَّ لَكَ مَا لَمْ أُنْهَ عَنْكَ»، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ: {مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرُوا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ} [التوبة: 113]، وَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ فِي أَبِي طَالِبٍ، فَقَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم: {إِنَّكَ لا تَهْدِي مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ وَلَكِنَّ اللهَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشَاءُ} [القصص: 56].

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) entered upon his uncle Abu Tālib when he was in his death throes and said to him: O Uncle, say: "La ilāha illallāh (there is no god but Allah)," a statement with which I can testify in your favor before Allah. Thereupon, Abu Jahl and ‘Abdullah ibn Abi ’Umayyah said: O Abu Tālib, would you abandon the religion of your father ‘Abdul-Muttalib, i.e. worshipping idols?! They both kept talking to him until the last thing he said to them was about the religion of Abdul-Muttalib, i.e., the religion of Shirk (polytheism) and idolatry. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him), thus, said: I will ask forgiveness for you as long as my Lord does not forbid me from doing so. Upon this, Allah Almighty revealed: {It is not fitting for the Prophet and those who believe to seek forgiveness for the polytheists[83], even if they are close relatives, after becoming clear to them that they are the people of the Blazing Fire.} [Surat at-Tawbah: 113] And the following verse was revealed concerning Abu Tālib: {You cannot guide whoever you like, but Allah guides whom He wills, and He knows best who will be guided.} [Surat al-Qasas: 56] You cannot guide whoever you like to guide; your duty is only to convey the message, and Allah guides whom He wills.

• It is prohibited to seek forgiveness for the polytheists regardless of their kinship, deeds, and benevolence.
• Imitating ancestors and seniors in falsehood is a pre-Islamic practice.
• The Prophet's perfect compassion and his keenness on calling and guiding people.
• Refuting the claim that Abu Tālib embraced Islam.
• It is the final deeds that count.
• The invalidity of appealing to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) or anyone else to bring benefit or ward off harm.
• Whoever says: La ilāha illallāh (there is no god but Allah) out of knowledge, certainty, and belief, has entered into Islam.
• The harmful impact of evil companions and bad friends.
• "La ilāha illallāh" (there is no god but Allah) means: Abandoning the worship of idols, the pious, and the righteous and worshiping Allah alone, and the polytheists know its meaning.
• It is permissible to visit the sick polytheist if there is hope that he will embrace Islam.
• Placing guidance in the hearts is in Allah's Hand alone, without a partner, and the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) is only responsible for guidance of direction, instruction, and message conveyance.

صحيح البخاري (6/ 112) (4772). صحيح مسلم (1/ 54) (24). الملخص في شرح كتاب التوحيد، لصالح الفوزان (ص155). الجديد في شرح كتاب التوحيد، للقرعاوي (ص169).