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عن أبي سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه مرفوعاً: «إنَّ الشيطانَ قال: وعِزَّتِك يا رب، لا أَبرحُ أُغوي عبادَك ما دامت أرواحُهم في أجسادهم، قال الربُّ: وعِزَّتي وجَلالي لا أزال أغفرُ لهم ما استغفروني».

"The devil said: 'By Your Might O Lord, I will continue to misguide Your slaves as long as their souls remain in their bodies.'" i.e. the devil swore by Allah's Might that he will continue to misguide people as long as they are alive. "The Lord said: 'By My Might and My Majesty, I will continue to forgive them as long as they seek forgiveness from Me'", i.e. the Lord, the Most High, said in response to the devil: By My might and majesty I will continue to forgive them as long as they seek forgiveness for their sins from Me.

مسند الإمام أحمد بن حنبل، تحقيق: شعيب الأرنؤوط - عادل مرشد، وآخرون، نشر: مؤسسة الرسالة، الطبعة: الأولى، 1421هـ - 2001م. مرقاة المفاتيح شرح مشكاة المصابيح، لعلي بن سلطان الملا الهروي القاري، الناشر: دار الفكر، بيروت – لبنان، الطبعة: الأولى، 1422هـ - 2002م. مرعاة المفاتيح شرح مشكاة المصابيح، لأبي الحسن عبيد الله بن محمد عبد السلام بن خان محمد بن أمان الله بن حسام الدين الرحماني المباركفوري، الناشر: إدارة البحوث العلمية والدعوة والإفتاء - الجامعة السلفية - بنارس الهند، الطبعة: الثالثة - 1404 هـ، 1984 م. التنوير شرح الجامع الصغير، لمحمد بن إسماعيل بن صلاح بن محمد الحسني، الكحلاني الأمير الصنعاني، المحقق: د. محمَّد إسحاق محمَّد إبراهيم، الناشر: مكتبة دار السلام، الرياض، الطبعة: الأولى، 1432 هـ - 2011 م. صحيح الجامع الصغير وزياداته، للألباني، نشر: المكتب الإسلامي. صفات الله عز وجل الواردة في الكتاب والسنة : علوي بن عبد القادر السَّقَّاف دار الهجرة الطبعة : الثالثة ، 1426 هـ - 2006 م.

عن زيد مولى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : «من قال: أَسْتَغْفِرُ الله الذي لا إله إلا هو الحَيَّ القيَّومَ وأتوب إليه، غُفرت ذنوبه، وإن كان قد فَرَّ من الزَّحْف».

Anyone who says "I ask forgiveness from Allah, there is no deity except Him, the Ever-Living, the Sustainer of existence, and I turn to Him in repentance," his sins will be forgiven even if he fled from fighting the infidels on the battlefield. It is known from a Hadīth that desertion is one of the seven major sins. The correct meaning of the present Hadīth is that one should repent from all sins, including desertion. Otherwise, seeking forgiveness while continuing to commit a certain sin is useless, unless one repents from it.

سنن أبي داود، سليمان بن الأشعث أبوداود، تحقيق: محمد محيي الدين عبد الحميد، المكتبة العصرية،صيدا، بيروت. سنن الترمذي، محمد بن عيسى الترمذي، تحقيق وتعليق: أحمد محمد شاكر، ومحمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، وإبراهيم عطوة عوض، شركة مكتبة ومطبعة مصطفى البابي الحلبي، مصر، الطبعة: الثانية، 1395هـ- 1975م. المستدرك على الصحيحين، أبو عبد الله الحاكم النيسابوري المعروف بابن البيع، تحقيق مصطفى عبد القادر عطا، الناشر: دار الكتب العلمية، بيروت، الطبعة الأولى، 1411- 1990. مشكاة المصابيح، محمد ناصر الدين الألباني، نشر: المكتب الإسلامي، بيروت، الطبعة: الثالثة 1985م. كنوز رياض الصالحين، مجموعة من الباحثين برئاسة حمد بن ناصر العمار، كنوز إشبيليا، الرياض، الطبعة: الأولى1430هـ، 2009م. رياض الصالحين من كلام سيد المرسلين، أبو زكريا محيي الدين النووي، تحقيق ماهر الفحل، دار ابن كثير، دمشق، بيروت، الطبعة: الأولى 1428هـ، 2007م. نزهة المتقين شرح رياض الصالحين، مجموعة من الباحثين، مؤسسة الرسالة، بيروت، الطبعة: الرابعة عشر 1407هـ، 1987م. بهجة الناظرين شرح رياض الصالحين، سليم بن عيد الهلالي، دار ابن الجوزي، الطبعة: الأولى 1418 هـ، 1997م. عون المعبود شرح سنن أبي داود، ومعه حاشية ابن القيم: تهذيب سنن أبي داود وإيضاح علله ومشكلاته، محمد أشرف بن أمير العظيم آبادي، دار الكتب العلمية، بيروت، الطبعة الثانية، 1415هـ. شرح سنن أبي داود، عبد المحسن بن حمد بن عبد المحسن العباد، نسخة الإلكترونية. تاج العروس من جواهر القاموس، محمّد أبو الفيض الملقّب بمرتضى الزَّبيدي، نشر: دار الهداية.

عن أبي مالكٍ الأشعريِّ رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «الطُّهُورُ شَطْرُ الْإِيمَانِ، وَالْحَمْدُ لِلهِ تَمْلَأُ الْمِيزَانَ، وَسُبْحَانَ اللهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلهِ تَمْلَآنِ -أَوْ تَمْلَأُ- مَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ، وَالصَّلَاةُ نُورٌ، وَالصَّدَقَةُ بُرْهَانٌ، وَالصَّبْرُ ضِيَاءٌ، وَالْقُرْآنُ حُجَّةٌ لَكَ أَوْ عَلَيْكَ، كُلُّ النَّاسِ يَغْدُو، فَبَايِعٌ نَفْسَهُ فَمُعْتِقُهَا أَوْ مُوبِقُهَا».

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) says that outward purification is attained by ablution and washing up, and it is required for prayer. And saying "al-hamdulillāh" fills the Scale. This is to praise Allah and ascribe the attributes of perfection to Him. This will be weighed on the Day of Judgment and fill the Scale of deeds. Saying "subhān Allah wa al-hamdulillāh" - which exalts Allah far above all deficiencies and ascribes to Him the complete perfection that befits His majesty, along with loving and extolling Him - fills what is between the heavens and the earth. "Prayer is light" for a person within his heart, on his face, in his grave, and on the Day of Judgment. "Charity is proof" and evidence for the sincerity of a believer's faith and it sets him apart from the hypocrite, who refrains from giving charity because he does not believe in the reward promised in return for it. "Patience is radiance," by refraining from exasperation and indignation, is radiance, which is light that comes with heat and burning, like the light of the sun. This is because patience is difficult and requires self-struggle and restraining oneself from one's desires. So, a patient person continues to have light and adhere to guidance and the right path. Patience is shown in observing Allah's commands, avoiding His prohibitions, and enduring afflictions and different forms of hardships in this world. And "the Qur’an is proof either for you," by reciting and acting upon it, or "against you," for abandoning it, without application or recitation. Then, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned that all people work and go about, and they get up from their sleep and go out for their different activities. Some of them hold onto obedience to Allah and thus save themselves from Hellfire. And some others deviate from that and commit sins, which ruin them by leading them to Hellfire.

• Purity is of two kinds: outward purity, which is attained by ablution and washing up, and inward purity, which is attained by Tawhīd (monotheism), faith, and righteous deeds.
• It points out the significance of observing the prayer, as it is light for people in this world and on the Day of Judgment.
• Charity is evidence of the sincerity of faith.
• It is important for a person to act upon the Qur’an and believe in it, so that it will be proof for him, not against him.
• If a person does not preoccupy himself with worship, he will preoccupy it with sin.
• Everyone must work, and one either saves his soul with obedience to Allah or destroys it with sins.
• Patience needs endurance and the pursuit of Allah's reward, and it involves hardship.

صحيح مسلم (1/ 203) (223)، شرح الأربعين لابن دقيق العيد (ص 84)، شرح الأربعين النووية للعثيمين (ص: 231)، الرياض الزكية شرح الأربعين النووية للخضير (ص 293)، فتح القوي المتين في شرح الأربعين للعباد (ص 79)

عَن أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَأْتِي الشَّيْطَانُ أَحَدَكُمْ فَيَقُولُ: مَنْ خَلَقَ كَذَا؟ مَنْ خَلَقَ كَذَا؟ حَتَّى يَقُولَ: مَنْ خَلَقَ رَبَّكَ؟ فَإِذَا بَلَغَهُ فَلْيَسْتَعِذْ بِاللهِ وَلْيَنْتَهِ».

The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) mentions the effective remedy for the questions whispered by Satan to the believer. Satan says: Who created such and such, and who created such and such? Who created the heavens? Who created the earth? Based on his religion, natural disposition, and reason, the believer replies: Allah. But Satan does not stop at this limit of whisperings; rather, he proceeds until he asks: Who created your Lord? Thereupon, the believer should repel these whisperings with three things: Belief in Allah. Seeking refuge with Allah from Satan. Stopping to continue with such whisperings.

• We should turn away from Satan's whisperings and insinuations and not give thought to them, and seek Allah's help in getting rid of them.
• All the whisperings that enter a person's heart and contradict the Shariah come from Satan.
• We are forbidden from thinking about Allah's Essence and are urged to ponder His creation and signs.

صحيح البخاري (4/ 123) (3276)، صحيح مسلم (1/ 120) (134)، إكمال المعلم (1/432)، المفهم (1/345)، فتح الباري (6/ 340)، طرح التثريب (8/163)، بهجة قلوب الأبرار (ص 27).

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: «مَنْ قَالَ: لاَ إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ المُلْكُ وَلَهُ الحَمْدُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، فِي يَوْمٍ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ، كَانَتْ لَهُ عَدْلَ عَشْرِ رِقَابٍ، وَكُتِبَتْ لَهُ مِائَةُ حَسَنَةٍ، وَمُحِيَتْ عَنْهُ مِائَةُ سَيِّئَةٍ، وَكَانَتْ لَهُ حِرْزًا مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ يَوْمَهُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يُمْسِيَ، وَلَمْ يَأْتِ أَحَدٌ بِأَفْضَلَ مِمَّا جَاءَ بِهِ إِلَّا أَحَدٌ عَمِلَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ».

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informed that whoever says: (There is no god) or true deity (but Allah. He is One, and He has no partner with Him) in His divinity, lordship, names, and attributes, (to Him belong sovereignty), control, and management, (and praise) for everything He creates and decrees, (and He is competent over all things) with no one to resist or oppose Him; and whatever He does not will, cannot be. Whoever recites this Dhikr (remembrance) in a day and repeats it one hundred times will receive a reward equivalent to that of freeing ten slaves; a hundred good deeds and ranks will be recorded for him in Paradise; a hundred sins will be erased from his record; it will serve as a shield, protection, and fortress from the devil and his misguidance for the entire day until evening (sunset); no one will come on the Day of Judgment with something better than what he brought, except someone who did more than this and exceeded it.

• The virtue of the word of Tawhid (the declaration of Allah's oneness) and the greatness of its reward.
• The vast bounty of Allah Almighty upon His servants is shown in how He has legislated for them an easy Dhikr accessible to everyone, and has promised immense reward for it.
• If a person says this declaration of Tawhid (there is no god but Allah) more than one hundred times in a day, he will receive the reward mentioned in the Hadīth for the first hundred, and he will also earn an additional reward for whatever he adds beyond that. This is not among the prescribed limits that are prohibited to exceed, nor is the extra repetition void of virtue or invalidated.
• An-Nawawi said: The apparent wording of the Hadīth indicates that the reward mentioned in it is granted to whoever recites this Tahlīl (declaration of Tawhid) one hundred times during the day, whether the recitation is done consecutively or across different gatherings, or partly in the beginning of the day and partly at its end. However, it is better to recite it consecutively at the start of the day so that it serves as a protection for the person throughout the entire day.

صحيح البخاري (4/ 126) (3293). صحيح مسلم (4/ 2071) (2691). إرشاد الساري لشرح صحيح البخاري (5/ 300). البحر المحيط الثجاج في شرح صحيح الإمام مسلم بن الحجاج (42/ 136).

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «سَبْعَةٌ يُظِلُّهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي ظِلِّهِ يَوْمَ لاَ ظِلَّ إِلَّا ظِلُّهُ: إِمَامٌ عَدْلٌ، وَشَابٌّ نَشَأَ فِي عِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ، وَرَجُلٌ قَلْبُهُ مُعَلَّقٌ فِي المَسَاجِدِ، وَرَجُلاَنِ تَحَابَّا فِي اللَّهِ، اجْتَمَعَا عَلَيْهِ وَتَفَرَّقَا عَلَيْهِ، وَرَجُلٌ دَعَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ ذَاتُ مَنْصِبٍ وَجَمَالٍ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي أَخَافُ اللَّهَ، وَرَجُلٌ تَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ فَأَخْفَاهَا حَتَّى لاَ تَعْلَمَ شِمَالُهُ مَا تُنْفِقُ يَمِينُهُ، وَرَجُلٌ ذَكَرَ اللَّهَ خَالِيًا، فَفَاضَتْ عَيْنَاهُ».

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) gave glad tidings to seven categories of the believers whom Allah Almighty will shade in the shade of His Throne on a Day when there will be no shade but His: First: A leader who is upright in himself and not a defiant sinner, and fair among his subjects and not oppressive. This includes the one holding the highest authority and extends to anyone in authority with any of the Muslims' affairs and acts justly in it. Second: A young person who grew up in the worship of Allah, dedicating his youth and energy to this cause until he passes away in that state. Third: A man whose heart is attached to the mosque. Even when he leaves, his great love for it brings him back. His frequent attendance at the mosque keeps his heart spiritually connected to it, even if he happens to be physically outside it for some reason. Fourth: Two men who sincerely loved each other for the sake of Allah, maintaining their religious affection without letting any worldly matter sever their relationship, whether they physically met or not, until death separated them. Fifth: A man who was invited by a woman of noble lineage, status, wealth, and beauty to commit immorality with her, but he refused and said to her: Indeed, I fear Allah. Sixth: A man who gave charity, whether small or large, sincerely without seeking to show off; rather, he hid it to the extent that his left hand did not know what his right hand gave. Seventh: A man who remembered Allah in his heart through reflection or with his tongue through Dhikr (remembrance of Allah) while in solitude, and his eyes shed tears out of fear and reverence for Allah Almighty.

• The merit of the seven mentioned categories and encouraging to follow their example.
• Ibn Hajar said about his statement "in His Shade": It is said that it means: the shade of His Throne as indicated by the Hadīth of Salmān that was narrated by Sa‘īd ibn Mansūr with a good Isnād: "There are seven whom Allah will shade in the shade of His Throne".
• Ibn Hajar said: The best explanation of the just person is that he is the one who follows the command of Allah by placing everything in its proper place, without excess or negligence. He is mentioned first due to the general benefit that comes from him.
• The merit of waiting for prayer after prayer.
• An-Nawawi said: It encourages loving one another for the sake of Allah and highlights its great merit.
• Status and beauty are specifically mentioned due to people's strong desire for them, their eagerness to attain them, and their difficulty in obtaining them.
• The best way to give charity is to do it secretly, as it is further from showing off. However, it is also permissible to give charity and Zakah publicly if it is free from ostentation, with the intention of encouraging others to spend, setting an example for others, and manifesting the rituals of Islam.
• These seven persons attained that bliss only by their sincerity to Allah Almighty and by opposing their whims.
• His statement: "There are seven whom Allah will shade": the limitation to this number is not intended. In fact, there are other categories not mentioned in the Hadīth whom Allah will shade in the shade of His Throne.
• Ibn Hajar said: The mention of men in this Hadīth does not imply exclusivity; rather, women share the same reward as men in the deeds mentioned, unless the reference to the just Imam means supreme leadership; otherwise, a woman may also be included when she has children and treats them justly. As for the trait of adherence to the mosque, it is not applicable to women in the same way, because a woman's prayer at her home is better than in the mosque. Beyond that, women can share in the virtues, even in the case of the man who was invited by the woman. It is conceivable that a woman could be invited by a handsome king, for example, and she refrains out of fear of Allah Almighty despite her needs.

صحيح البخاري (2/ 111) (1423). صحيح مسلم (2/ 715) (1031). إرشاد الساري لشرح صحيح البخاري (3/ 24).

عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ الحَارِثِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ الأَشْعَرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «الطُّهُورُ شَطْرُ الْإِيمَانِ، وَالْحَمْدُ لِلهِ تَمْلَأُ الْمِيزَانَ، وَسُبْحَانَ اللهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلهِ تَمْلَآنِ -أَوْ تَمْلَأُ- مَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالأَرْضِ، وَالصَّلَاةُ نُورٌ، وَالصَّدَقَةُ بُرْهَانٌ، وَالصَّبْرُ ضِيَاءٌ، وَالْقُرْآنُ حُجَّةٌ لَكَ أَوْ عَلَيْكَ، كُلُّ النَّاسِ يَغْدُو، فَبَايِعٌ نَفْسَهُ فَمُعْتِقُهَا أَوْ مُوبِقُهَا»

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) says that outward purification is attained by ablution and washing up, and it is required for prayer. And saying "al-hamdulillāh" fills the Scale. This is to praise Allah and ascribe the attributes of perfection to Him. This will be weighed on the Day of Judgment and fill the Scale of deeds. Saying "subhān Allah wa al-hamdulillāh" - which exalts Allah far above all deficiencies and ascribes to Him the complete perfection that befits His majesty, along with loving and extolling Him - fills what is between the heavens and the earth. "Prayer is light" for a person within his heart, on his face, in his grave, and on the Day of Judgment. "Charity is proof" and evidence for the sincerity of a believer's faith and it sets him apart from the hypocrite, who refrains from giving charity because he does not believe in the reward promised in return for it. "Patience is radiance," by refraining from exasperation and indignation, is radiance, which is light that comes with heat and burning, like the light of the sun. This is because patience is difficult and requires self-struggle and restraining oneself from one's desires. So, a patient person continues to have light and adhere to guidance and the right path. Patience is shown in observing Allah's commands, avoiding His prohibitions, and enduring afflictions and different forms of hardships in this world. And "the Qur’an is proof either for you," by reciting and acting upon it, or "against you," for abandoning it, without application or recitation. Then, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned that all people work and go about, and they get up from their sleep and go out for their different activities. Some of them hold onto obedience to Allah and thus save themselves from Hellfire. And some others deviate from that and commit sins, which ruin them by leading them to Hellfire.

• Purity is of two kinds: outward purity, which is attained by ablution and washing up, and inward purity, which is attained by Tawhīd (monotheism), faith, and righteous deeds.
• It points out the significance of observing the prayer, as it is light for people in this world and on the Day of Judgment.
• Charity is evidence of the sincerity of faith.
• It is important for a person to act upon the Qur’an and believe in it, so that it will be proof for him, not against him.
• If a person does not preoccupy himself with worship, he will preoccupy it with sin.
• Everyone must work, and one either saves his soul with obedience to Allah or destroys it with sins.
• Patience needs endurance and the pursuit of Allah's reward, and it involves hardship.

صحيح مسلم (1/ 203) (223). شرح الأربعين لابن دقيق العيد (ص 84). شرح الأربعين النووية للعثيمين (ص: 231). الرياض الزكية شرح الأربعين النووية للخضير (ص 293). فتح القوي المتين في شرح الأربعين للعباد (ص 79).