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عن عائشة رضي الله عنها : أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم دخل عليَّ مسرورًا تبرُقُ أسارِيرُ وجهه. فقال: ألم تَرَيْ أن مُجَزِّزًا نظر آنفًا إلى زيد بن حارثة وأسامة بن زيد، فقال: إن بعض هذه الأقدام لمن بعض». وفي لفظ: «كان مجزِّزٌ قائفًا».

Zayd ibn Hārithah was white, and his son Usāmah was black, and people used to doubt their relation to one another due to their difference in color, suspecting the validity of Usāmah’s attribution to his father. This used to annoy the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). Once, Mujazziz al-Mudliji, a lineage tracker, passed by them (Zayd and Usāmah), while their heads were covered with a piece of velvet and their legs were uncovered. On that, Mujazziz said: “Indeed, these feet are related to one another,” due to the resemblance that he saw between them. His speech was heard by the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) who was extremely happy on hearing that, to the extent that he entered upon ‘Ā'ishah with his face glittering with joy and rejoice for being reassured of the validity of Usāmah’s attribution to his father's lineage; and for the rebuttal of the speech of those who unknowingly set their tongues loose regarding the honor of others.

- صحيح البخاري –الجامع الصحيح-؛ للإمام أبي عبد الله محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري، عناية محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة، الطبعة الأولى، 1422هـ. - صحيح مسلم؛ للإمام مسلم بن الحجاج، حققه ورقمه محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار عالم الكتب-الرياض، الطبعة الأولى، 1417هـ. - الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام للشيخ إسماعيل الأنصاري-مطبعة السعادة-الطبعة الثانية 1392ه. - تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام-عبد الله البسام-تحقيق محمد صبحي حسن حلاق- مكتبة الصحابة- الشارقة- الطبعة العاشرة- 1426ه.

عن علي بن أبي طالب رضي الله عنه «أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم نهى عن نكاح المتعة يوم خيبر، وعن لحوم الحُمُرِ الأهلية».

The objective of marriage in Islam is to establish a continuous relationship based on affection and to build a family. Islam has prohibited some forms of marriages that contradict this objective. For this reason, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited Mut‘ah (fixed term) marriage at the time of the battle of Khaybar. This form of marriage, in which a man marries a women for a certain period of time, was made permissible at the beginning of Islam because there was a necessity for it. Similarly, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited consumption of domestic donkeys that are possessed and taken care of by other people, unlike the wild donkeys.

- صحيح البخاري –الجامع الصحيح-؛ للإمام أبي عبد الله محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري، عناية محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة، الطبعة الأولى، 1422هـ. - صحيح مسلم؛ للإمام مسلم بن الحجاج، حققه ورقمه محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار عالم الكتب-الرياض، الطبعة الأولى، 1417هـ. - الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام للشيخ إسماعيل الأنصاري-مطبعة السعادة-الطبعة الثانية 1392ه. - تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام-عبد الله البسام-تحقيق محمد صبحي حسن حلاق- مكتبة الصحابة- الشارقة- الطبعة العاشرة- 1426ه.

عن فاطمة بنت قيس- رضي الله عنها- «أن أبا عمرو بن حفص طلقها البَتَّةَ، وهو غائب (وفي رواية: "طلقها ثلاثا")، فأرسل إليها وكيله بشعير، فسخطته. فقال: والله ما لك علينا من شيء. فجاءت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فذكرت ذلك له، فقال: ليس لك عليه نفقة (وفي لفظ: "ولا سكنى") فأمرها أن تَعْتَدَّ في بيت أم شريك؛ ثم قال: تلك امرأة يَغْشَاهَا أصحابي؛ اعتدي عند ابن أم مكتوم. فإنه رجل أعمى تضعين ثيابك، فإذا حَلَلْتِ فآذِنِيني. قالت: فلما حللت ذكرت له: أن معاوية بن أبي سفيان وأبا جهم خطباني. فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : أما أبو جهم: فلا يَضَعُ عصاه عن عاتقه. وأما معاوية: فصعلوك لا مال له. انكحي أسامة بن زيد. فكرهته ثم قال: انكحي أسامة بن زيد. فنكحته، فجعل الله فيه خيرا، واغْتَبَطْتُ به».

Abu ‘Amr ibn Hafs divorced his wife Fātimah bint Qays irrevocably, and it was the third and last time to divorce her. The woman who is irrevocably divorced has no right to receive financial maintenance from her husband, yet he sent her some barley. She thought that as long as she was in her post-divorce waiting period ‘Iddah, her maintenance was due to her upon him, so she thought the barley was too little and hated it. He, thus, swore that nothing was due to her upon him. She complained about this to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and he informed her that he was not obliged to provide for her or provide her with accommodation. Then he ordered her to spend her ‘Iddah in the house of Umm Sharīk. When he remembered that the Companions frequently visit the house of Umm Sharīk, he ordered Fātimah to spend her ‘Iddah at the house of Ibn Umm Maktūm, because he was a blind man and would not see her when she would take off her clothes. He ordered her to inform him when her ‘Iddah would be over. When she completed her ‘Iddah, both Mu‘āwiyah and Abu Jahm proposed to her, so she consulted the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). As sincere advice is mandatory – especially for the one who seeks counsel – the, Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) did not advise her to marry any of them, since Abu Jahm was harsh with women and Mu‘āwiyah was poor and penniless. Instead, he ordered her to marry Usāmah, but she disliked that because he was a freed slave. However, she obeyed the command of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and accepted Usāmah. She was pleased with him, and Allah placed a great deal of good in him.

- صحيح البخاري –الجامع الصحيح-؛ للإمام أبي عبد الله محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري، عناية محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة، الطبعة الأولى، 1422هـ. - صحيح مسلم؛ للإمام مسلم بن الحجاج، حققه ورقمه محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار عالم الكتب-الرياض، الطبعة الأولى، 1417هـ. - الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام للشيخ إسماعيل الأنصاري-مطبعة السعادة-الطبعة الثانية 1392ه. - تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام-عبد الله البسام-تحقيق محمد صبحي حسن حلاق- مكتبة الصحابة- الشارقة- الطبعة العاشرة- 1426ه.

عن عقبة بن عامر رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «أَحَقُّ الشُّرُوطِ أَنْ تُوفُوا بِهِ مَا اسْتَحْلَلْتُمْ بِهِ الْفُرُوجَ».

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) points out that the most worthy stipulations to be fulfilled are those which make it lawful to enjoy a woman sexually. These are the permissible stipulations a woman asks for in the marriage contract.

• It is obligatory to fulfill the binding stipulations on one of the two spouses towards the other, except a stipulation that makes something lawful unlawful or something unlawful lawful.
• Fulfillment of marriage conditions are more emphatic than others, for they are stipulated in return for making sexual intercourse lawful.
• Marriage occupies a great status in Islam, as he (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) stressed the fulfillment of its stipulations.

صحيح البخاري (3/ 190) (2721). صحيح مسلم (2/ 1035) (1418). الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام، لإسماعيل الأنصاري (2/ 63). تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، لعبد الله البسام (ص573).

عن أنس بن مالك رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أعتق صفية، وجعل عِتْقَهَا صَدَاقَهَا.

Safiyyah, the daughter of Huyai, one of the leaders of Banu An-Nadīr (a Jewish tribe of Hejaz) was the wife of Kinānah ibn Abu Al-Huqayq who was killed on the Day of khaybar. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) conquered Khaybar without hostilities and the women and children residents of that city became slaves to the Muslims once they were captivated. Safiyyah was initially part of the share allocated to Dihyah ibn Khalīfah al-Kalbi. However, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) compensated him with another female slave in exchange for Safiyyah, and took her for himself. He did this to appease her and soothe her grief for her lost status and glory (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet's noble character is manifested through the fact that he did not settle for enjoying her while she was a humiliated as a slave but freed her from slavery, raised her status, and made her one of the most respected of women (on earth as a) Mother of the Believers. He freed her, then married her, and he made her emancipation her dowry.

- صحيح البخاري –الجامع الصحيح-؛ للإمام أبي عبد الله محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري، عناية محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة، الطبعة الأولى، 1422هـ. - صحيح مسلم؛ للإمام مسلم بن الحجاج، حققه ورقمه محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار عالم الكتب-الرياض، الطبعة الأولى، 1417هـ. - الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام للشيخ إسماعيل الأنصاري-مطبعة السعادة-الطبعة الثانية 1392ه. - تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام-عبد الله البسام-تحقيق محمد صبحي حسن حلاق- مكتبة الصحابة- الشارقة- الطبعة العاشرة- 1426ه.

عن عبد الله بن عمر رضي الله عنها : أن رجلا اتهم امرأته بالزنا، ونفى كون ولدها منه في زمن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فأمرهما رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فتلاعنا، كما قال الله تعالى، ثم قضى بالولد للمرأة، وفرق بين المتلاعنين

In this Hadīth, ‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that a man accused his wife of adultery and denied his paternity of her child. She denied his claim and rejected his accusation. So, they swore the oath of condemnation against each other in this way: the husband swore by Allah four times that he is truthful in his accusation, and on the fifth time he invoked the curse of Allah upon himself (if he is a liar). Then the wife swore by Allah four times that he is a liar, and on the fifth time she invoked the anger of Allah upon herself (if he is truthful). After they had condemned one another, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) separated them permanently and let the child join the woman and be attributed to her. The child was cut off from the man and no longer attributed to him.

- صحيح البخاري -الجامع الصحيح-؛ للإمام أبي عبد الله محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري، عناية محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة، الطبعة الأولى، 1422هـ. - صحيح مسلم؛ للإمام مسلم بن الحجاج، حققه ورقمه محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار عالم الكتب-الرياض، الطبعة الأولى، 1417هـ. - الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام للشيخ إسماعيل الأنصاري-مطبعة السعادة-الطبعة الثانية 1392ه. - تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام-عبد الله البسام-تحقيق محمد صبحي حسن حلاق- مكتبة الصحابة- الشارقة- الطبعة العاشرة- 1426ه. - خلاصة الكلام شرح عمدة الأحكام- فيصل بن عبد العزيز بن فيصل ابن حمد المبارك الحريملي النجدي - الطبعة: الثانية، 1412 هـ - 1992 م.

عن عبد الله بن عمر رضي الله عنهما مرفوعاً: «أن فلان بن فلان قال: يا رسول الله، أرأيت أن لو وجد أحدنا امرأته على فاحشة، كيف يصنع؟ إن تكلم تكلم بأمر عظيم، وإن سَكَتَ سَكَتَ على مثل ذلك. قال: فسكت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فلم يُجبه. فلما كان بعد ذلك أتاه فقال: إن الذي سألتك عنه قد ابتليت به. فأنزل الله عز وجل هؤلاء الآيات في سورة النور ?والذين يرمون أزواجهم...? فتلاهن عليه ووعظه وذكره. وأخبره أن عذاب الدنيا أهون من عذاب الآخرة. فقال: لا، والذي بعثك بالحق، ما كذبتُ عليها. ثم دعاها، فوعظها، وأخبرها: أن عذاب الدنيا أهون من عذاب الآخرة. فقالت: لا، والذي بعثك بالحق، إنه لكاذب. فبدأ بالرجل؛ فشهد أربع شهادات بالله: إنه لمن الصادقين، والخامسة: أن لعنة الله عليه إن كان من الكاذبين. ثم ثَنَّى بالمرأة. فشهدت أربع شهادات بالله: إنه لمن الكاذبين، والخامسة: أن غضب الله عليها إن كان من الصادقين. ثم فرق بينهما. ثم قال: إن الله يعلم أن أحدكما كاذب فهل منكما تائب؟ -ثلاثا-»، وفي لفظ «لا سبيل لك عليها. قال: يا رسول الله، مالي؟ قال: لا مال لك: إن كنت صدقت عليها فهو بما استحللت من فرجها، وإن كنت كذبت فهو أبعد لك منها».

Islam legislated the law of 'Li‘ān' (invoking the curse of Allah upon the liar among the two spouses for falsehood in the matter of witnessing adultery) as a solution to the problem of a husband witnessing another man committing adultery with his wife without four other witnesses (or visa versa). The husband cannot just be in suspicion about the matter: he must clearly witness the actual act of penetration of the adultery. The punishment for any false accusation and lying in this matter is extremely grievous (torment in Hellfire). The man in this story was feeling doubtful about the conduct of his wife and was worried that she might commit adultery. He was confused about what to do, for if he accused her (without the four witnesses) then he would undergo the relevant legal punishment (of whipping, etc), and if he remained silent about it then he would be considered a cuckold and suffer disgrace. He went to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and mentioned these things to him. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent as he did not like to answer questions about issues which had not yet occurred, because this leads to evil and could possibly open the doors for evil to occur. In addition to that no verses were yet revealed to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) regarding this issue. After some time the same man who questioned the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) saw the monstrosity (adultery) he had asked about previously and about which he had worries. Thereupon Allah revealed some rulings regarding this issue in Sūrat An-Nūr, as He says (what means) {Those who accuse their wives} [Qur'an 24:6]. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) recited these verses to the man, admonished him and reminded him that if he was lying in accusing his wife, then the worldly punishment of false accusations is less severe than the punishment of the Hereafter. The man swore the sacred oath by Allah that he was not lying about witnessing and accusing his wife of adultery. Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) called the wife and admonished her and told her that the punishment of this life is less severe than the punishment of the Hereafter. Then she swore also that her husband was a liar. Then, the Prophet may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him, started by the one with whom Allah has started with (i.e. in the Qur'anic verses mentioned above), the husband. The man testified four times by Allah that he was truthful in what he accused his wife with, and upon the fifth time he invoked the curse of Allah upon himself if he was a liar. Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) summoned his wife, and she testifies four times by Allah that her husband was a liar, and she also upon the fifth time invoked the anger of Allah upon herself if her husband was truthful. Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) separated between them permanently (and irrevocably). Given that one of them was definitely a liar, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) urged them to repent. Then the husband requested his dowry back and the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "you have no right to claim the dowry: if you were truthful about her committing adultery then the dowry you gave her was in exchange for your sexual relations with her during your marriage. And if you were lying about her, then it is even less rightful that you would receive anything because you accused her of such a terrible lie and great falsehood.

- صحيح البخاري –الجامع الصحيح-؛ للإمام أبي عبد الله محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري، عناية محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة، الطبعة الأولى، 1422هـ. - صحيح مسلم؛ للإمام مسلم بن الحجاج، حققه ورقمه محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار عالم الكتب-الرياض، الطبعة الأولى، 1417هـ. - الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام للشيخ إسماعيل الأنصاري-مطبعة السعادة-الطبعة الثانية 1392ه. - تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام-عبد الله البسام-تحقيق محمد صبحي حسن حلاق- مكتبة الصحابة- الشارقة- الطبعة العاشرة- 1426ه. - خلاصة الكلام شرح عمدة الأحكام- فيصل بن عبد العزيز بن فيصل ابن حمد المبارك الحريملي النجدي (المتوفى: 1376هـ)- الطبعة: الثانية، 1412 هـ - 1992 م.

عن عائشة- رضي الله عنها- قالت: «دخل علي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وعندي رجل، فقال: يا عائشة، من هذا؟ قلت: أخي من الرضاعة، فقال: يا عائشة: انظرن من إخوانكن؟ فإنما الرضاعة من المجاعة».

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) entered upon ‘Ā'ishah and found her brother from breastfeeding, whom he did not know, with her. So, his facial expression changed, in dislike of that situation, and out of jealously for his female relatives. ‘Ā'ishah knew the reason why his facial expression had changed, so she told him that the man was her brother from breastfeeding. Thereupon, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: O ‘Ā'ishah, make sure of those whom you consider your brothers from breastfeeding, because there are some types of breastfeeding that do not make marriage prohibited. It is necessary that the breastfeeding nourishes the child and grows it muscles and strengthens its bones. This only occurs during the first two years of the child's life, when the he is in need of breast milk and feeds on nothing else. At this time, the child becomes part of the breastfeeding mother, and is considered as one of her own children. Thus, the prohibition of marriage is established, i.e. he becomes a Mahram for her and her family. This means that she must not put on her Hijab in his presence, he can sit alone with her, and he can be her Mahram on traveling. This includes the breastfeeding mother, her husband, their children, their siblings, and their mothers and fathers.

- صحيح البخاري، للإمام أبي عبد الله محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري، عناية محمد زهير الناصر، دار طوق النجاة، الطبعة الأولى، 1422هـ. - صحيح مسلم، للإمام مسلم بن الحجاج، حققه ورقمه محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي، دار عالم الكتب - الرياض، الطبعة الأولى، 1417هـ. - الإلمام بشرح عمدة الأحكام، للشيخ إسماعيل الأنصاري، مطبعة السعادة - الطبعة الثانية، 1392ه. - تيسير العلام شرح عمدة الأحكام، عبد الله البسام، تحقيق محمد صبحي حسن حلاق، مكتبة الصحابة، الشارقة، الطبعة العاشرة، 1426ه.