The tenth of Muharram; it is recommended to fast the ninth as well.

Ashura: established practice

Why Ashura is fasted, how to observe it, and the distinction between established worship and unsupported customs.

Ruling at a glance

Fasting Ashura is strongly recommended. Ramadan is the obligatory fast.

How to fast it

Prefer fasting the ninth and tenth, following the Prophetic guidance to differ from the People of the Book.
If you can only fast the tenth, the fast is valid and retains its basic virtue.
If the beginning of the month is uncertain, follow the recognised religious authority in your country.

To thank Allah for saving Musa and the Children of Israel from Pharaoh.
Islam affirms Musa and all the prophets. The Prophet said that we have a closer claim to Musa.
Fasting is worship of Allah, not a nationalist celebration or a ritual of grief or self-harm.

✓ Fast the ninth and tenth.
✓ Thank Allah and repent.
✓ Learn the account of Musa from the Quran.
✓ Give charity and do good without claiming an unestablished special virtue for a particular custom.

! Do not treat particular foods, festivities, kohl or ritual bathing as established Ashura worship.
! Striking oneself and shedding blood are prohibited.
! The expiation concerns minor sins, alongside avoiding major sins.

For fasting Ashura, I hope Allah will expiate the preceding year.

If I live until next year, I will fast the ninth.

We have a closer claim to Musa than you; he then instructed that the day be fasted.